background: during the last twenty years, the extraction of specific egg yolk (igy) antibodies from the immunized chickens has been accepted as a useful alternative to the immunization of mammals. the aim of the present study was immunizing the chickens with human umbilical cord serum (hucs) and the extraction of specific anti-human globulins (igg, c3b, and c3d) antibodies from egg yolk in orde...

recently it has been reported, that immunoglobulin y (igy) can be used instead of polyclonal antibodies extracted from mammals (igg) for the purpose of diagnosis and therapy. these antibodies are found to have better properties in terms of specificity and ease of large-scale production. in addition, igy binds neither to mammalian complement or fc-receptors nor does it interfere with rheumatoid ...

objective: the purpose of the study was to evaluate the production of antibodies in serum as well as egg yolk raised against s. typhimurium and the cross-reactivity of this antibody with other enteric bacteria. materials and methods: white egg–laying hens were immunized with s. typhimurium, heat-killed whole cell, in freund's adjuvant. immunization was done with 107 conlony forming unit (cfu) o...

Naja haje arabica (Arabian cobra) is the major cause of snake-bite mortality in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The treatments of the snake bite envenomation occur by anti-snake venom produced in horses previously immunized with a mixture of venom. Therefore, one of the main objectives of the current study is to produce anti Naja haje arabica immunoglobulin in high titer from the yolk of chickens by i...

Secreted frizzled related protein 2 (SFRP2) is a tumor endothelial marker expressed in angiosarcoma. Previously, we showed ultrasound molecular imaging with SFRP2-targeted contrast increased average video pixel intensity (VI) of angiosarcoma vessels by 2.2 ± 0.6 VI versus streptavidin contrast. We hypothesized that redesigning our contrast agents would increase imaging performance. Improved mol...

The chicken leukocyte receptor complex located on microchromosome 31 encodes the chicken Ig-like receptors (CHIR), a vastly expanded gene family which can be further divided into three subgroups: activating CHIR-A, bifunctional CHIR-AB and inhibitory CHIR-B. Here, we investigated the presence of CHIR homologues in other bird species. The available genome databases of turkey, duck and zebra finc...

Fc receptors transport maternal antibodies across epithelial cell barriers to passively immunize newborns. FcRY, the functional counterpart of mammalian FcRn (a major histocompatibility complex homolog), transfers IgY across the avian yolk sac, and represents a new class of Fc receptor related to the mammalian mannose receptor family. FcRY and FcRn bind immunoglobulins at pH ≤6.5, but not pH ≥7...

the use of immunoglobulin y (igy) instead of polyclonal antibodies prepared in mammals has been reported recently. these antibodies are found to have better properties in terms of specificity and ease of large scale production. in this study, proteins from egg yolk were extracted with acid and chloroform. the result of cellulose acetate electrophoresis at ph 9 showed some extra bands which were...