Molecules are bound very closely in ice and much less rigidly in water; hence water acquires fluidity and follows the law that water finds its own level by flowing from higher to lower levels. The rigid binding of molecules in water is loosened by heating. When we raise the temperature to nearly 100°C, the molecules are so energized that they get the freedom to leave the folds of gravitation an...

The dynamic characteristics of the flow around pile directly determine distribution law force on pile, which is basis calculation load hydraulic structure. At present, model test and numerical simulation methods are mainly used to study pile. There problems scale effect accuracy in laboratory test, inherent method, such as determination medium parameters, mesh division, boundary conditions. The...