We recently reported the engineering of monomeric streptavidin, mSA, corresponding to one subunit of wild type (wt) streptavidin tetramer. The monomer was designed by homology modeling, in which the streptavidin and rhizavidin sequences were combined to engineer a high affinity binding pocket containing residues from a single subunit only. Although mSA is stable and binds biotin with nanomolar ...

The general acceleration of trade globalisation over the last decade –or a growing interdependence of economies via trade, production and financial market linkages– has engendered several macroeconomic implications for the euro area. This paper focuses on assessing the key impacts on the euro area macroeconomy through an analysis of prospective channels, stylised facts and review of relevant em...

Timmermans2) has shown that a number of molecular crystals which have low entropy of fusion possess high crystallographic symmetries, plasticity, specific heats, dielectric ptoperties, etc. comparable with their liquid state. He considers such a state of aggregation as an intermediate phase between liquid and crystalline states and calls them •gplastic crystals•h. X-ray examination on these pla...

This paper develops a dynamic theory that accounts for the evolution of trade policy, underlying internal class con‡icts, and output growth performance over the last few centuries. By analyzing political responses to the distributional e¤ects of international trade, it …nds a prominent interaction between trade policy and the pattern of economic development, and also a signi…cant role for trade...

Interest rate shocks have a large impact on economic activities in emerging markets. This paper argues that this finding can be associated with credit market imperfections affecting principally non-tradable activities. Using a new database on sectoral output and credit markets in emerging economies, I present novel evidence documenting that tradable and non-tradable sectors respond asymmetrical...

Based on a dynamic open-economy macroeconomic model, this paper aims at understanding the contribution of domestic financial under-development to foreign reserve accumulation in some emerging market economies, especially in China. It is argued that foreign reserve accumulation is a consequence of a growth strategy induced by strong capital investment in a financially constrained economy. It is ...

Empirical evidence suggests that reversing current account balances imply costly adjustment processes. Recent literature analyzes the costs of adjustment processes via treatment regressions and assesses the determinants of reversals via probit models. With larger data sets becoming available, steps to control for unobserved heterogeneity within the data are necessary. This paper contributes a B...

A windfall of natural resource revenue (or foreign aid) faces government with choices of how to manage public debt, investment, and the distribution of funds for consumption, particularly if the windfall is both anticipated and temporary. We show that the permanent income hypothesis prescription of an ever-lasting increase in consumption financed by borrowing ahead of the windfall and then accu...

This paper analyzes the effects of financial market globalization on the crosscountry pattern of development in the world economy. To this end, it develops a dynamic macroeconomic model of imperfect credit markets, in which the domestic investment becomes borrowing-constrained at the lower stage of development. In the absence of the international financial market, the world economy converges to...

This paper deals with the existence of a common European growth cycle and its identification. Based on the analysis of some descriptive statistics in the time and frequency domain there is clear evidence of comovement in output growth among European countries. Univariate Markov switching autoregressions (MS-AR) are used for individual countries in order to detect changes in the mean growth rate...