Computational models of colour vision assume that the biological function of colour vision is to detect surface reflectance. Some philosophers invoke these models as a basis for 'externalism' about perceptual content (content is distal) and 'objectivism' about colour (colour is surface reflectance). In an earlier article (Thompson et al. 1992), I criticized the 'computational objectivist' posit...

Abstract It is commonly accepted that the definition of knowledge not among main epistemological concerns period between Plato and Edmund Gettier. Kalām an exception to rule. scholars provide a detailed philosophical analysis difference mere true belief. In this article, I am focusing on in one tradition kalām , Bahšamite Muʿtazilism. will argue factive mental state for Bahšamites. also show co...

This article investigates the conceptual foundations of technological innovation and development projects that aim to bring ethical and social issues into the design stage. Focusing on the ethics and social impact of technological innovation and development has been somewhat of a trend lately, for instance in ELSA research and in such initiatives as the Dutch Responsible Innovation programme. I...

• Internalism about justification is a very strong claim. Internalists hold that justification is entirely an internal matter. Even a position where justification is predominantly but not fully internal counts as externalist. • Epistemic justification is only one of many epistemic statuses that one can be an internalist or externalist about. Beliefs can be justified, rational, accurate, respons...

Two well-known approaches to the problem of logical omniscience, impossible-worlds semantics and awareness structures, are described. Both approaches can be used to model logically ignorant agents, but both also have drawbacks when it comes to making a distinction between knowledge and veridical belief, modelling rational agents and explaining the appropriate conditions on models to do so. An a...

This paper deals with basic and advanced principles and consequences of the informational in a philosophical, formalistic (symbolic), schematic, and graphical way. The central notion is informational entity as the operand and its interaction (operational property) with other entities and itself. Informational externalism, internalism, metaphysicalism, and phenomenalism are principles constituti...

This paper explores some of the differences between the enactive approach in cognitive science and the extended mind thesis. We review the key enactive concepts of autonomy and sense-making. We then focus on the following issues: (1) the debate between internalism and externalism about cognitive processes; (2) the relation between cognition and emotion; (3) the status of the body; and (4) the d...

I would like to thank Benj Hellie, Chris Peacocke, and Susanna Siegel for their very interesting commentaries on The Character of Consciousness. All of them focus mainly on issues from the second half of the book, especially issues concerning the contents of consciousness. Hellie focuses especially on the role of acquaintance and perceptual attention in perception and introspection and on the o...