Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the estrogen-like activities of the outer scales of onion and garlic. Methods: This work compared the estrogenic effects induced by estradiol and the plant extract in vivo and in vitro models of immature mice. Uterine wet weight/body weight ratios were determined. Uterotrophic bioassay (increased epithelial cell height, and gland development), immunoh...

Scientific evidence suggests that humans and wildlife species may experience adverse health consequences from exposure to environmental chemicals that interact with the endocrine system. Reliable short-term assays are needed to identify hormone-disrupting chemicals. In this study we demonstrate that the estrogenic activity of a chemical can be evaluated by assaying induction or repression of en...

Aim: The intent of the study was to assess bone conserving effect Butea monosperma total extract (BTE) prepared from stem-bark, in ovariectomy (Ovx)-induced loss Sprague Dawley (SD) rats.
 Methods: Sprague-Dawley rats were ovariectomized (Ovx) and BTE treatment with three different doses (100mg, 250mg 500mg/kg body weight) commenced a day after Ovx continued for 12 weeks. Skeletal paramete...

2 SUMMARY The major protocol features of the immature rat uterotrophic assay have been evaluated using a range of reference chemicals. The protocol variables considered include the selection of the test species and route of chemical administration, the age of the test animals, the maintenance diet used and the specificity of the assay for estrogens. It is concluded that three daily oral DGPLQLV...