Abstract Endemic (range restricted or precinctive) plant species are frequently observed to exhibit polyploidy (chromosome set duplication), which can drive shifts in ecology for angiosperms, but whether endemism is generally associated with throughout the flowering plants has not been determined. We tested hypothesis that more frequent and pronounced (higher evident ploidy levels) recently evo...

A provisional list of all the endemic vascular plant genera in SW Asia is presented. The area, here defined to include Turkey, the Caucasus, N Iraq, Iran, Afghanistan and adjacent parts of Pakistan and Central Asia, has 161 genera restricted to it. By far, the greatest numbers of the endemic genera are in Apiaceae, Brassicaceae and Asteraceae; many are morphologically isolated and occur at rand...

South Africa is recognised for its high reptile diversity and endemism, specifically among lizards. Phylogenetic diversity, richness can have clear implications or raise important questions in a range of fields, most urgently conservation. Among squamate reptiles, these indices are very commonly associated with temperatures topographic heterogeneity. Indeed, mountainous biogeography has been cr...