Musician's dystonia is a task-specific movement disorder that manifests itself as a loss of voluntary motor control in extensively trained movements. Approximately 1% of all professional musicians develop musician's dystonia, and in many cases, the disorder terminates the careers of affected musicians. The pathophysiology of the disorder is not completely clarified. Findings include 1) reduced ...

Oromandibular dystonia (OMD) is a rare focal neurological disorder that affects mouth, face, and jaws. This comprehensive literature review aimed to summarize the current evidence for etiology, diagnosis, and management of OMD and assess the possibility of dental origin of the disease and dental treatment plans for these patients. Different online databases namely PubMed, Google scholar, and Sc...

OBJECTIVES Dystonia is often disabling and disfiguring. The aim of the study was to identify factors influencing the impact of dystonia on self-reported quality of life and health. MATERIAL AND METHODS Members of the Swedish Dystonia Patient Association participated in a survey covering demographic variables, satisfaction with treatment, physiotherapy and physical activity. Quality of life an...

OBJECTIVES Focal dystonia of the head and neck are associated with a loss of kinesthetic acuity at muscles distant from the dystonic sites. That is, while the motor deficits in focal dystonia are confined, the associated somatosensory deficits are generalized. This is the first systematic study to examine, if patients diagnosed with spasmodic dystonia (SD) show somatosensory impairments similar...

PURPOSE To perform a retrospective study to determine the incidence and lateralizing value of ictal dystonia in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy. METHODS The study included 142 patients (76 males, 66 females) with temporal lobe epilepsy, aged from 19 to 58 years with an average age of 33.1 +/- 8.7 years. Overall, 454 seizures were analysed. The seizure onset zone was mesial in 112 patient...

BACKGROUND Adult-onset isolated focal dystonia (AOIFD) presenting in early adult life is more frequent in men, whereas in middle age it is female predominant. Temporal discrimination, an endophenotype of adult-onset idiopathic isolated focal dystonia, shows evidence of sexual dimorphism in healthy participants. OBJECTIVES We assessed the distinctive features of age-related sexual dimorphism o...

Focal dystonias are the most common type of isolated dystonia. Although their causative pathophysiology remains unclear, it is thought to involve abnormal functioning of the basal ganglia-thalamo-cortical circuitry. We used high-resolution research tomography with the radioligand C-NNC-112 to examine striatal dopamine D1 receptor function in two independent groups of patients, writer’s cramp an...

BACKGROUND Hemichorea-hemiballismus involves unilateral involuntary flailing movements and random jerking movements involving proximal or distal muscles. We describe a case of hemichorea-hemiballismus with dystonia after stroke. Treatment with tetrabenazine and chemodenervation produced beneficial responses. Effective treatment of both hemichorea-hemiballismus and dystonia due to stroke has not...

Introduction Herman Oppenheim first coined the term “dystonia” in 1911 to describe a generalised form of the condition with childhood onset, which he called “dystonia musculorum deformans”. In more recent years, dystonia is now recognised as a spectrum of neurological movement disorders characterised by patterned and sustained muscle contractions, resulting in abnormal postures and involuntary ...