We carry out a set of self-consistent N -body calculations to investigate how important the velocity anisotropy in non-spherical dark-matter halos is for dynamical friction. For this purpose we allow satellite galaxies to orbit within flattened and live dark-matter haloes (DMHs) and compare the resulting orbit evolution with a semi-analytic code. This code solves the equation of motion of the s...

In a dynamic system, such as social and economic systems, complex interactions emerge among its members. In that case, their behaviors become adaptive according to changing environment. In this paper, we use the iterated prisoner’s dilemma (IPD) game, which is simple yet capable of dealing with complex problems, to model the dynamic system, and propose strategic coalition to obtain superior ada...

Asteroid families are believed to originate by catastrophic disruptions of large asteroids. They are nowadays identified as clusters in the proper orbital elements space. The proper elements are analytically defined as constants of motion of a suitably simplified dynamical system. Indeed, they are generally nearly constant on a 107–108-year time scale. Over longer time intervals, however, they ...

Instabilities and strong dynamical interactions between multiple giant planets have been proposed as a possible explanation for the surprising orbital properties of extrasolar planetary systems. In particular, dynamical instabilities seem to provide a natural mechanism for producing the highly eccentric orbits seen in many systems. Previously, we performed numerical integrations for the dynamic...

Adaptive behaviors often emerge through interactions between adjacent neighbors in dynamic systems, such as social and economic systems. In many cases, an individual’s behaviors can be modeled by a stimulusresponse system in a dynamic environment. In this paper, we use the Iterated Prisoner’s Dilemma (IPD) game, which is simple yet capable of dealing with complex problems, to model a dynamic sy...

A fascinating and deep question about nature is what one would see if one could probe space and time at smaller and smaller distances. Already the 19th-century founders of modern geometry contemplated the possibility that a piece of empty space that looks completely smooth and structureless to the naked eye might have an intricate microstructure at a much smaller scale. Our vastly increased und...

We study deterministic fault-tolerant gossiping protocols in directed Geometric Radio Networks (in short, directed GRN). Unpredictable node and link faults may happen during every time slot of the protocol’s execution. We first consider the single-message model where every node can send at most one message per time slot. We provide a protocol that, in any directed GRN G of n nodes, completes go...

and Applied Analysis 3 Based on these properties and Theorem 2.1, Kruse and Nesemann in 9 obtained the following result. Lemma 2.2 see 9, Corollary 2 . Let T : n → n be a continuous mapping with a unique equilibrium x∗ ∈ n . Suppose that for the discrete dynamic system 2.1 there is some k ∈ such that for the part-metric p inequality p Tx, x∗ < p x, x∗ holds for all x / x∗. Then, x∗ is globally ...

We provide quantitative bounds for the long time behavior of a class of Piecewise Deterministic Markov Processes with state space R ×E where E is a finite set. The continuous component evolves according to a smooth vector field that switches at the jump times of the discrete coordinate. The jump rates may depend on the whole position of the process. Under regularity assumptions on the jump rate...

This article develops the concept of crisis compliance (CC)—defined as making appropriate use of IT, and non-IT methodologies to predict, prevent, and prevail over disasters. CC emerges from Lally’s Target Shield and Weapon Model, which is grounded in the theories of crisis management, normal accident theory, and high reliability organizations. CC is then applied to a case study involving Hurri...