Swedish nonsense syllables distinguished solely by their vowels [i], [y] or [e], were presented to phonetically sophisticated subjects auditorily, visually and in cross-dubbed audiovisual form with incongruent cues to openness, roundedness or both. Acoustic [y] dubbed onto optic [i] or [e] was heard as a retracted [i], while acoustic [i] or [e] dubbed onto optic [y] were perceived as rounded an...