Few studies have examined the association between reasons for not drinking and social norms among abstinent college students. Research suggests that drinking motives are associated with perceived injunctive norms and drinking. Therefore, it seems likely that reasons for not drinking may also be associated with perceived injunctive norms and abstinence. The aim of this study was to examine the r...

BACKGROUND Dialectical behavior therapy (DBT), which appears to be an effective treatment for binge eating disorder (BED), focuses on teaching emotion regulation skills. However, the role of improved emotion regulation in predicting treatment outcome in BED is uncertain. METHODS This secondary analysis explored whether change in self-reported emotion regulation (as measured by the Difficultie...

IMPORTANCE People with substance dependence have health consequences, high health care utilization, and frequent comorbidity but often receive poor-quality care. Chronic care management (CCM) has been proposed as an approach to improve care and outcomes. OBJECTIVE To determine whether CCM for alcohol and other drug dependence improves substance use outcomes compared with usual primary care. ...

This is the first quantitative analysis of data from urine drug tests for compliance to treatment medications and abstinence from drug abuse across "levels of care" in six eastern states of America. Comprehensive Analysis of Reported Drugs (CARD) data was used in this post-hoc retrospective observational study from 10,570 patients, filtered to include a total of 2,919 patients prescribed at lea...

Re-exposure to drug-related cues elicits drug-seeking behaviour and relapse in humans even after months of abstinence. Similarly, in laboratory rats, drug-associated stimuli reinstate cocaine seeking after prolonged withdrawal periods, thus providing a model to study mechanisms underlying cocaine relapse. 5-HT6 receptors (5-HT6Rs) are abundantly expressed in brain areas such as the nucleus accu...

INTRODUCTION The present study aimed at examining the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) group intervention on measures of self-efficacy and level of relapse for abstinence among Iranian male drug addicts. METHODS An experimental research design was adopted in the current study in which the participants consisted of 75 male drug addicts who were consecutively admitted as outp...

Recently Robert Mann and his colleagues, using a Canadian sample, performed a factor analysis on the RIA Self Inventory (RIASI), a screening instrument developed for use with DUI offenders. Results showed differential relationships of the eight identified factors with various outcomes. The current study was designed to confirm the factor structure of the RIASI in a sample from the United States...

Youth education on risky behaviours, such as alcohol and drug use, has long moved beyond a ‘just say no’ abstinence-only approach. While emphasising that abstinence is safest, guidance extended to harm reduction approaches, advocating safer ways engage in the behaviour should risk occur. In contrast, youth road safety generally remains (e.g., don't speed, use your phone while driving). This man...

Cigarette smoking causes premature mortality and multiple morbidity; stop smoking improves health. Higher rates of smoking cessation can be achieved through more intensive treatment, consisting of medication and extended counseling of patients, but there are challenges to integrating these interventions into healthcare delivery systems. A care model using a master-level counselor trained as a t...