It has been proposed that animals and humans might choose a speed-accuracy tradeoff that maximizes reward rate. For this utility function the simple drift-diffusion model of two-alternative forced-choice tasks predicts a parameter-free optimal performance curve that relates normalized decision times to error rates under varying task conditions. However, behavioral data indicate that only ≈ 30% ...

Behavior of blast wave in underwater explosion is of interest to metal forming community and ship designers. Underwater detonation is, also a potential hazard to the water intakes or a plant spent fuel pool. In this paper, some techniques for calculating free-field blast parameters such as pressure and impulse in underwater explosion and prediction of bubble pulsation parameters are presented a...

In this paper we study the complexity of the motion planning problem for control-affine systems. Such complexities are already defined and rather well-understood in the particular case of nonholonomic (or driftless) systems. Our aim is to generalize these notions and results to systems with a drift. Accordingly, we present various definitions of complexity, as functions of the curve that is app...

We observed the decrease of the hysteresis effect and the transition from the stable to the dynamic domain regime in doped superlattices with increasing temperature. The current–voltage characteristics and the behaviours of the domain boundary are dominated by the temperature-dependent lineshape of the electric field dependence of the drift velocity (V (F )). As the peak–valley ratio in the V (...

We find the counterintuitive result that electrons move in opposite direction to the free electron E × B-drift when subject to a two-dimensional periodic potential. We show that this phenomenon arises from chaotic channeling trajectories and by a subtle mechanism leads to a negative value of the Hall resistivity for small magnetic fields. The effect is present also in experimentally recorded Ha...

The drift-diffusion (Poisson–Nernst–Planck) model—including a numerical model for cell membranes that resolves surface-charge boundary layers—is applied to the cone–horizontal cell synapse in the outer plexiform layer of the retina. Numerical simulations reproduce the experimental calcium current-voltage (IV) curves for the goldfish retina in response to a bright spot, with and without an illum...

In a damage avoidance design perspective, seismic rocking of rigid-like blocks, such as masonry walls, precast r.c./timber panels, art objects, etc., can be controlled through viscous elastic dampers. This paper discusses how to perform risk assessment walls undamped and damped by viscous-elastic dampers installed at the top them. Firstly, preliminary fragility analysis allows understanding rol...

In this paper, efforts are made to compare the safety of steel moment resistant frames designed according to different editions of the Iranian code of Practice for seismic resistant design of buildings. Also, failure risk of a low and medium height frame which designed for high and low seismicity regions according to three editions of the code are evaluated. First, the testing cases were design...