Stereo x-ray radiography attracts increasing attention in major clinical applications. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the 3D localization error for breast biopsy procedures and provide guidelines for improving its accuracy. Our prototype is a CCD based digital stereo x-ray imaging system. The mathematical model consists of two x-ray sources and one stationary detector plane. A closed f...

background: radiotherapy treatment planning requires different dosimetric quantities as input in order to calculate a desired dose distribution. this study has been focused to evaluate the depth dose characteristics of superficial x-rays being used for radiotherapy treatment. materials and methods: computerized 3-d water phantom of multi-data system was used. the measurements were made through ...

We demonstrate a new technique for selectively growing gold nanoparticles on a patterned three-dimensional (3D) polymer microstructure. The technique integrates 3D direct writing of heterogeneous microstructures with nanoparticle synthesis. A digital micromirror device is employed as a dynamic mask in the digital projection photopolymerization process to build the heterogeneous microstructure l...

A new digital signal processor (DSP)-based data acquisition system has been designed and installed at the Advanced Photon Source. This system uses a commercial VME-based DSP card to acquire and process x-ray blade signals to determine x-ray beam position for both bending magnet and insertion device beamlines. The system also acquires and processes position data from the narrowband rf BPMs that ...

A digital plane is the set of integer points located between to parallel planes. We solve the following problem: how to compute the exact normal vector of a digital plane given only a predicate that answers the question “is a point x in the digital plane or not”. Our approach is iterative and “as local as possible”. We provide a worst-case complexity bound in O(ω logω) calls to the predicate, w...

p. 3 Tesselations by Connection in Orders p. 15 A Concise Characterization of 3D Simple Points p. 27 Digital n-Pseudomanifold and n-Weakmanifold in a Binary (n+1)-Digital Image p. 37 Digital Jordan Curve Theorems p. 46 A New Means for Investigating 3-Manifolds p. 57 Nearness in Digital Images and Proximity Spaces p. 69 Morphological Operators with Discrete Line Segments p. 78 Hausdorff Discreti...

1 Format From other sources To other destinations Channel symbols Message symbols Message symbols Information sink Optional Essential Channel symbols Digital input m i Information source Pulse modulate Bandpass modulate Synchronization Bit stream Digital baseband waveform Digital bandpass waveform u i g i (t) s i (t) z(T) r(t) X M T C h a n n e l Format Detect Demod-ulate & Sample Source encode...

In this paper, a new pure-digital frequency synthesizer Fout=(X/Y)•Fin for square-waves with controlled precision is described. Given that Fin is the input reference frequency provided by a stable crystal oscillator, Fout is the synthesized frequency; X and Y are two co-prime integer numbers. The purpose is to demonstrate that with exclusively simple digital techniques, a frequency synthesizer ...