Background and Objectives: Desiccation is a necessary procedure to eliminate moisture from foodstuffs in industries, especially pharmaceutical, food and tobacco industries. In the present study, a mathematical modeling was assessed for vacuum drying of the licorice roots. Materials and Methods: Fresh licorice roots were dried at 50 mbar. Temperatures included 22to 150°C and diameters of roots ...

We compared the performance of bandpass filtering methods, the commonly used mathematical morphology operator (MMO) method and the convolution-wavelet method (CNW) on both simulationed and real sEMG data. The CNW showed better performance as compared to bandpass filtering and the MMO particularly for low signal-to-artifact ratios

Solutions of two slightly more general problems than those posed by Kenneth B. Stolarsky in [10] are presented. The latter deal with a shape preserving approximation, in the uniform norm, of two functions (1/x) log coshx and (1/x) log(sinhx/x), x ≥ 0, by ratios of exponomials. The main mathematical tools employed include Gini means and the Stolarski means.

An overview over the different approaches to mathematical modelling in neuroscience in general, with special emphasis on the early visual system, is presented. Questions such as``Why do we make mathematical models at all?'', ``What makes a mathematical model good?'', ``What types of mathematical models exist?'', and``What is the right level of detail in a model?'' are addressed. Results from a ...

In sixth century BC, Pythagoras discovered the mathematical foundation of musical consonance and dissonance. When auditory frequencies in small-integer ratios are combined, the result is a harmonious perception. In contrast, most frequency combinations result in audible, off-centered by-products labeled “beating” or “roughness;” these are reported by most listeners to sound dissonant. In this p...

In Descriptive Complexity, there is a vast amount of literature on decision problems, and their classes such as P, NP, L and NL. However, research on the descriptive complexity of optimisation problems has been limited. Optimisation problems corresponding to the NP class have been characterised in terms of logic expressions by Papadimitriou and Yannakakis, Panconesi and Ranjan, Kolaitis and Tha...

The computational complexity of a problem is the amount of resources, such as time or space, required by a machine that solves the problem. The descriptive complexity of problems is the complexity of describing problems in some logical formalism over finite structures. One of the exciting developments in complexity theory is the discovery of a very intimate connection between computational and ...

Quantitative measurement of limb loading is important in orthopedic and neurological rehabilitation. In current practice, mathematical models such as Symmetry index (SI), Symmetry ratio (SR), and Symmetry angle (SA) are used to quantify limb loading asymmetry. Literatures have identified certain limitations with the above mathematical models. Hence this study presents two new mathematical model...

The incidence of synchronous multiple primary lung cancer (MPLC) is increasing. However, present diagnostic methods are unable to satisfy the individualized treatment requirements of patients with MPLC. The present study aimed to establish a quantitative mathematical model and analyze its diagnostic value for distinguishing between MPLC and cases of the histologically similar disease, intrapulm...

We present a range of mathematical theorems whose proofs require unexpectedly strong logical methods, which in some cases go well beyond the usual axioms for mathematics. ************************************************ There are a variety of mathematical results that can only be obtained by using more than the usual axioms for mathematics. For several decades there has been a gradual accumulat...