although the structure of human t lymphoptropic virus type i (htlv-i) has been known well, the function of some proteins encoded by htlv-i px region is not fully understood. furthermore, the responses of the immune system to htlv-i remain still unknown. most of htlv-i-infected individuals show a strong and persistently activated cytotoxic t-cell (ctl) response to the virus. the frequency of htl...

foot-and-mouth disease (fmd) is a severely contagious viral disease that mainly affects cloven-hoofedlivestock and wildlife. this study quantifies the cytokines mrna expression of vaccinated guinea pigs withfmd type o inactivated vaccine. blood samples were collected from eight guinea pigs at 7 and 28 days after thefirst vaccination. extracted mrnas were reverse-transcribed into cdna and analyz...

Background: Shift work can cause problems for workers’ health, especially nurses. This study was done to assess the problems caused by shift work and the nature of the job in nurses of the educational hospitals of Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Iran. Materials and Methods: This was a descriptive study carried out in 2013. The research participants were 159 nurses with and without...

extract  skillful management role in the success of any profession is clear. nursing as profession is no exception to this fact. also nursing mission and role in human life are heavier and require more complex management skills .   evening and night shift nursing supervisor are employed by a health care institution such as a hospital in the absence of nursing management must have knowledge and ...

purpose: to report the refractive changes after intraocular lens (iol) implantation in children with congenital and developmental cataract. methods: in this historical cohort study, the clinical records of children between 2 and 15 years old that had lensectomy with posterior capsulotomy, anterior vitrectomy and iol implantation with more than 5 years of follow-up were studied. refractive error...