Background: To mitigate climate impacts associated with energy consumption, renewable fuel policies have been established in the USA that encourage production and use of corn ethanol. Current fuel usage of corn ethanol is approximately 15 billion gallons/year (57 billion liters/year), with nearly all of this in the form of E10 (10% blend in gasoline). There is now interest in increasing fuel et...

Most cropland in the United States is characterized by large monocultures, whose productivity is maintained through a strong reliance on costly tillage, external fertilizers, and pesticides (Schipanski et al., 2016). Despite this, farmers have developed a regenerative model of farm production that promotes soil health and biodiversity, while producing nutrient-dense farm products profitably. Li...

This study is the first to evaluate the effects of five seaweeds (Ulva sp., Laminaria ochroleuca, Saccharina latissima, Gigartina sp., and Gracilaria vermiculophylla) on gas and methane production and ruminal fermentation parameters when incubated in vitro with two substrates (meadow hay and corn silage) for 24 h. Seaweeds led to lower gas production, with Gigartina sp. presenting the lowest va...

Wheat-corn cropping system is one of the most important grain production systems in theworld. However, the integrative impacts of soil tillage on crop yield, N use efficiency (NUE)and greenhouse gases (GHGS) emissions are not well documented in this system. Thus, a twoyear field experiment was carried out in a typical wheat-corn cropping system with four tillageregimes during the wheat season, ...

This paper considers potential cellulosic ethanol production from Southern slash pine (Pinus elliottii) plantations. The net energy balance (NEB), emissions and associated environmental impacts, unit cost of ethanol production, and associated changes to forest land values are calculated and preliminary results are given. The NEB is found to be positive at 2.2, meaning that for every unit of ene...

I the past, agricultural markets have been well integrated. Markets for different energy commodities, especially liquid energy products, also have been tightly linked. But agricultural markets and energy markets have not been closely correlated. Table 1 contains partial correlation coefficients between pairwise prices (both levels and first differences) of corn, soybeans, crude oil, gasoline, a...

A novel source of biological nitrogen produced by multi-strain fermentation was developed for erythromycin production. The nitrogen composition of corn steep liquor, biological nitrogen and soybean flour was optimized by using Response surface methodology (RSM) firstly. A Box-Behnken design was used to estimate the optimum nitrogen composition for the production of erythromycin as follows: corn...

Growth of the corn ethanol industry has created a need for alternatives to corn for lactating dairy cows. Concurrent expansion in soydiesel production is expected to increase availability and promote favorable pricing for glycerol, a primary co-product material. The objective of this study was to determine the feeding value of glycerol as a replacement for corn in diets fed to lactating dairy c...

Sixteen multiparous cows (12 Holstein and 4 Brown Swiss, 132 +/- 20 d in milk) were used in a replicated 4 x 4 Latin square design with 4-wk periods to determine the effects of feeding corn germ on dairy cow performance. Diets were formulated with increasing concentrations of corn germ (Dakota Germ, Poet Nutrition, Sioux Falls, SD) at 0, 7, 14, and 21% of the diet dry matter (DM). All diets had...