Plume rise is a key variable in air quality modelling. The plume rise model implemented in CSIRO’s The Air Pollution Model (TAPM) was implemented in MATLAB, and the plume rise through modelled and observed boundary layers compared for an overnight strongly stable period. Contrary to expectations, the plume rise height was similar in the modelled and observed boundary layers despite a large diff...

A high-resolution coastal ocean model was developed to simulate the temporal/spatial variability of the Kennebec–Androscoggin (K–A) river plume and the circulation in Casco Bay. The model results agree favorably with the moored and shipboard observations of velocity, temperature, and salinity. The surface salinity gradient was used to distinguish the plume from the ambient coastal water. The ca...

The structure of a river plume is related to the vertical mixing using an isohaline-based coordinate system. Salinity coordinates offer the advantage of translating with the plume as it moves or expanding as the plume grows. This coordinate system is used to compare the relative importance of different dynamical processes acting within the plume and to describe the effect each process has on th...

The early stage of the ablation plume formation and the following dynamics of the plume expansion are studied numerically using a combination of molecular dynamics and the direct simulation Monte Carlo methods. The direct cluster ejection from the target and the following cluster-monomer and cluster-cluster collisions are considered. The presence of the ablated clusters is shown to strongly aff...

This paper shows a comparison between experiments carried out in laboratory-scale sandbox where the migration of dense nonaqueous phase liquid (DNAPL), hydrofluoroether (HFE-7100), saturated porous medium was investigated, and validation performed using high-resolution shock-capturing numerical simulations to resolve nonlinear governing coupled partial differential equations three-phase immisci...

[1] Time‐dependent buoyant plumes form at the outflow of tidally dominated estuaries. When estuary discharge velocity exceeds plume internal wave speed c, a sharp front forms at the plume’s leading edge that expands from the time‐dependent source. Using observations of the Columbia River tidal plume from multiple tidal cycles we characterize time‐evolving plume structure and quantify front spee...

Volcanic plumes generate lightning from the electrification of plume particles. Volcanic plume charging at over 1200 km from its source was observed from in situ balloon sampling of the April 2010 Eyjafjallajökull plume over Scotland. Whilst upper and lower edge charging of a horizontal plume is expected from fair weather atmospheric electricity, the plume over Scotland showed sustained positiv...

The role of river discharge, wind and tide on the extension and variability of the Tagus River plume was analyzed from 2003 to 2015. This study was performed combining daily images obtained from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) sensor located onboard the Aqua and Terra satellites. Composites were generated by averaging pixels with the same forcing conditions. River disc...

Photoclinometry, a shape-from-shading technique, is applied to satellite data to determine the three-dimensional height and morphology of the upper optical surface of a plume from the eruption of Redoubt Volcano, Alaska. The technique can be applied to visible images of volcanic plumes that have uniform scattering properties and is most effective on images with moderate incident Sun angles and ...