NAISH, D. 2002. The historical taxonomy of the Lower Cretaceous theropods (Dinosauria) Calamospondylus and Aristosuchus from the Isle of Wight. Proceedings of the Geologists’ Association, 113, 153–163. The historical taxonomy of the small theropod dinosaurs from the Wealden Group (Lower Cretaceous) of England is confused and complex. Of the twelve species names, several are synonymous and the r...

Because of different designs, different text input devices have different error patterns. If we consider these aspects when designing an error correction mechanism, we can obtain significantly lower error rates. In this paper, we propose and evaluate a spelling algorithm specifically designed for a five-key chording keyboard. It is based on the maximum a posteriori probability (MAP) criterion, ...

We present a novel scheme of spoken document classification based on locality sensitive hash because of its ability of solving the approximate near neighbor search in high dimensional spaces. In speechtext conversion stage, although lattice can provide multi-hypothesis during speech recognition, it is too complex to extract proper word information. Confusion network is adopted to improve word r...

The existence of “Hot Hands” and “Streaks” in sports and gambling is hotly debated, but there is no uncertainty about the recent batting-average of the New York Times: it is now two-for-two in mangling and misunderstanding elementary concepts in probability and statistics; and mixing up the key points in a recent paper that re-examines earlier work on the statistics of streaks. In so doing, it’...

Entropy methods enable a convenient general approach to providing a probability distribution with partial information. The minimum cross-entropy principle selects the distribution that minimizes the Kullback–Leibler divergence subject to the given constraints. This general principle encompasses a wide variety of distributions, and generalizes other methods that have been proposed independently....

Loss functions engineering and the assessment of prediction performances are two crucial intertwined aspects supervised machine learning. This paper focuses on binary classification to introduce a class loss that defined probabilistic confusion matrices allow an automatic priori maximization skill scores. These tested in various experiments, which show probability distribution function associat...

In my article, Hayek, the Common Law, and Fluid Drive,1 I criticize the argument Friedrich Hayek presents for the “law of liberty” in the first volu m e of Law, Legislation and Liberty.2 I suggest that Hayek confuses customary law, which he refers to as “grow n” law , with modern common law, which he refers to as “ju d ge-m ad e” law , and writes as though these distinct types of law were ident...

§ 30A:1 Overview § 30A:2 Litigation Context of Statistical Issues § 30A:3 Qualification of Expert Witnesses Who Give Testimony on Statistical Issues § 30A:4 Admissibility of Statistical Evidence—Rules 702 and 703 § 30A:5 Significance Probability § 30A:5.1 Definition of Significance Probability (The “p-value”) § 30A:5.2 The Transposition Fallacy § 30A:5.3 Confusion Between Significance Probabili...

Mental health is an important issue for university students. The objective of this article was to apply and compare the different classification methods students’ mental problems. Furthermore, it presents ensemble method improve accuracy classifiers assist psychologists in decision making process. For this, 10 were applied classifying students into two groups. In addition, combining are p...