This is the second of a two-part paper dealing with distributed planning for Air Traffic Control. Three different organizational structures have been implemented: the Local, Centralized Architecture, and the Location Centered, Cooperative Planning System with oneand two-level Coordinator-Coworker Hierarchies. We present an initial, simplified analysis of the speedup obtainable by using the latt...

S from the premise that individuals within an organization are fallible, this paper advances the study of relationships between the organization’s decision-making structure and its performance. We offer a general treatment that allows one to analyze the full range of organizational architectures between extreme centralized and decentralized forms (often referred to as hierarchies and polyarchie...

From the perspective of leader-member exchange (LMX) theory, we investigated how two forms of leadership style (uniform LMX (ULMX) and differential LMX (DLMX)) impact member participation in SOVCs. Furthermore, based on computer simulations we also examine the extent to which several contextual factors moderate the relationship between leadership style and member contributions. The key findings...

This paper, proposes a control system for use with microgrid consist of multiple small scale embedded generation networks (SSEG networks) connected to the 33kV distribution network. The proposed controller controls power flow in the gridconnected mode of operation, enables voltage and frequency control when the SSEG networks are islanded, and resynchronizes the SSEG networks with the utility be...

A semigroup is said to be power centralized if for any pair of elements there exists a power of the first one commuting with the second one. We describe the structure of power centralized groups and semigroups. In particular, we present several characterizations of periodic semigroups with central idempotents.

In recent years, there has been a growing fascination with decentralized systems and self-organizing phenomena. Increasingly, people are choosing decentralized models for the organizations and technologies that they construct in the world, and for the theories that they construct about the world. But even as decentralized ideas spread through the culture, there is a deep-seated resistance to su...

Distributed computing systems can provide benefits not available with centralized computing systems. However, it can be difficult to maintain the security and integrity of data on distributed systems. In fact, some characteristics of distributed data bases give rise to additional security concerns. This article provides a detailed analysis of information security issues in the distributed data ...

In this paper, the common centralized DEA models are extended to the bi-level centralized resource allocation (CRA) models based on revenue efficiency. Based on the Karush–Kuhn–Tucker (KKT) conditions, the bi-level CRA model is reduced to a one-level mathematical program subject to complementarity constraints (MPCC). A recurrent neural network is developed for solving this one-level mathematica...

This paper studies the impact of dual price sensitivity (product and extended warranty service sensitivity) on decision closed-loop supply chain (CLSC) where manufacturers are responsible for recycling providing under different channel power structures. First, dynamic game model is used to describe three structure models centralized (C), Manufacturer-led Stackelberg (MS), Retailer-led (RS). The...

considered supply chain in this article consists of one vendor and multiple retailers where the vendor applies vendor managed inventory. considering vendor as a leader and retailers as followers, stackelberg game theory is applied for modeling and analyzing this system. a general mixed integer nonlinear model is developed which can optimizes the performance of the system under revenue sharing c...