Background: Proper nutrition is one of the important, essential and vital factors in providing individuals, family and society health and safety. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the nutritional behaviors of girl students in the school of paramedical and health of Zanjan University of medical sciences, Zanjan, Iran. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted during the winter a...

Quality control is considered a critical aspect of plastic materials in the injection molding process. Two types deformations occur during process, namely, volumetric shrinkage and warpage. This study aims to optimize warpage polyethylene terephthalate preform (PET) used for packing carbonated drinks. PET results an uneven distribution material over wall surface causes variation thickness. Duri...

Background and Objective: This study was conducted to shed light on the hidden relationships, trends, and patterns of the teenagers’ mental health dataset based on data mining techniques. Materials and Methods: The proposed method has four parts as follows: data preprocessing, data cleaning, target class selection, and extracting rules. The classes included inappropriate, moderate, and accepta...

The oral sensation elicited by carbonated water is reduced by capsaicin and by blockers of carbonic anhydrase. We have investigated the temporal profile of this sensation and its cross-desensitization by capsaicin. We additionally tested if the sensation is influenced by amiloride. Following pretreatment of half of the dorsal tongue with 33 p.p.m. capsaicin, carbonated water was flowed over the...

Introduction: The oral cavity and the teeth are frequently subjected to numerous physiological pH variations, mainly due type of diet. These changes main cause enamel demineralization consequent breakage under mechanical forces. This causes severe sensitivity sometimes pain, which endures unless hard tissue is remineralized. Since does not self-repair, application alloplastic materials that hav...

BACKGROUND Swallowing dysfunction is an increasingly recognized problem in patients with dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) and Parkinson's disease dementia (PDD), which can result in aspiration pneumonia and death. Few studies have examined potential ways of improving swallowing function in this fragile patient group. The aim of this study was to evaluate swallowing dysfunction and carbonated liq...

BACKGROUND Coffee has been hypothesized to have pro- and anticarcinogenic properties, whereas tea may contain anticarcinogenic compounds. Studies assessing coffee intake and pancreatic cancer risk have yielded mixed results, whereas findings for tea intake have mostly been null. Sugar-sweetened carbonated soft drink (SSB) intake has been associated with higher circulating levels of insulin, whi...

In the recent years, we have witnessed a growing consumption of carbonated beverages like soft drinks and beer, marketed in attractive containers and packaging. Technology has certainly played its part in the increased consumption of carbonated beverages with the adventof glass bottles, cans, plastic bottles, high speed packaging lines and evolving packaging systems. Packaging carbonated produc...

The rising rate of obesity has been blamed on increased consumption of sugar-sweetened soft drinks, such as carbonated sodas, which fail to satisfy hunger. The objective of the present study was to compare the effect on appetite and energy intake of a sugar-sweetened beverage (cola) and a chocolate milk drink, matched for energy content and volume. It was hypothesised that chocolate milk may be...

Introduction: Current Thermal cycling units fail to simulate the drinking behaviors, and oral balancing temperature. They cannot also simulate other oral conditions such as drink coloring, and chemicals like tea, coffee, carbonated and noncarbonated, citrus juices as well as alcoholic and nonalcoholic drinks and also saliva and milk itself. The main objective of this study is to introduce the d...