Open aortic arch replacement is a complex and challenging procedure, especially in post dissection aneurysms and in redo procedures after previous surgery of the ascending aorta or aortic root. We report our experience with the simultaneous selective perfusion of heart, brain, and remaining body to ensure optimal perfusion and to minimize perfusion-related risks during these procedures. We used...

BACKGROUND If treatment of the axilla is indicated in patients with breast cancer who have a positive sentinel node, axillary lymph node dissection is the present standard. Although axillary lymph node dissection provides excellent regional control, it is associated with harmful side-effects. We aimed to assess whether axillary radiotherapy provides comparable regional control with fewer side-e...

background: deodorant products prevent the growth and activity of the degrading apocrine gland bacteria living in the armpit. common antibacterial agents in the market like triclosan and aluminum salts, in spite of their suitable antibacterial eff ects, increase the risk of alzheimer’s disease, breast and prostate cancers or induce contact dermatitis. th erefore, plant extracts possessing ant...

background: primary leiomyosarcoma (lms) of the breast is a very rare neoplasm of the breast arising from the mesenchymal tissue. the clinical presentation of this entity simulates other benign and malignant lesions of mesenchymal tissue of the breast. case presentation: case 1: a 40-year-old female presented with a right-sided breast lump, which was suspected to be a malignant spindle cell tum...

the present study was designed to assess the efficacy of fentanyl and pancuronium combined with dilute lidocaine solution for axillary block. onehundred adult patients undergoing upper limb surgery were randomly allocated to receive either 0.6 ml/kg of 1 % lidocaine (6 mg/kg) or 0.6 mllkg of 0.5% lidocaine (3 mg/kg) with 1 µg/kg of fentanyl and 0.5 mg of pancuronium. the onset of sensory and mo...

fracture of the proximal humerus associated with vascular injury has rarely been reported in children, and only two cases have been reported in the literature. in adults this combination has been reported more frequently. we present the case of a 14 year old boy with proximal humeral epiphyseal separation and axillary artery injury.