The shelf-life of conventional surimi and isolated proteins that modified by acidic pH (2.5) and by using alkali pH (11) from silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) was studied during months of storage at -18±2 °C. For conventional surimi, three washing steps were used. In the third stage of washing, 0.2% NaCl was used to withdraw more water. The result showed that isolated protein by alkali...

In 1912 Henderson and Palmer (1912) introduced a technique for determining the pH of the urine and applied it to the study of twentyfour-hour specimens from 222 normal and pathological cases. Their observation showed a rarge of pH from 5.0 to 7.4. They also observed that the pH of the urine rises to some extent following a meal. The pH curve of normal urine was also studied by Hasselbalch (1912...

Ambient pH strongly influences the synthesis of secreted enzymes, permeases and exported metabolites by a wide range of micro-organisms. For example, numerous microbes secrete acid phosphatase in acidic environments and alkaline phosphatase in alkaline environments. Only in the ascomycete Aspergillus nidulans, however, is characterization [ 1-51 of the pH-regulatory system sufficiently advanced...

Mice were given single injections of HN2 solution at pH 8 or pH 2. The alkaline preparation had an LDM of about 2 mg/kg while that for the acidic preparation was about 5 mg/kg. A simi lar difference in toxicity was seen when the HN2 w:asgiven as a series of small daily doses. The greater toxicity of the alkaline preparation was manifest also in the hématologie findings, and in the earlier deat...

Chloride self-exchange across the human erythrocyte membrane at alkaline extracellular pH (pHO) and constant neutral intracellular pH (pH(i)) can be described by an exofacial deprotonatable reciprocating anion binding site model. The conversion of the transport system from the neutral to the alkaline state is related to deprotonation of a positively charged ionic strength- and substrate-sensiti...

The kinetics of activity-dependent, extracellular alkaline transients, and the buffering of extracellular pH (pH(e)), were studied in rat hippocampal slices using a fluorescein-dextran probe. Orthodromic stimuli generated alkaline transients < or = 0.05 pH units that peaked in 273 +/- 26 ms and decayed with a half-time of 508 +/- 43 ms. Inhibition of extracellular carbonic anhydrase (ECA) with ...

Application of chemical fertilizer or manure can affect soil microorganisms directly by supplying nutrients and indirectly by altering soil pH. However, it remains uncertain which effect mostly shapes microbial community structure. We determined soil bacterial diversity and community structure by 454 pyrosequencing the V1-V3 regions of 16S rRNA genes after 7-years (2007-2014) of applying chemic...

Double-barrel ion-sensitive microelectrodes were used to measure activity-related changes in extracellular pH (pHe), potassium and calcium concentration ([K+]e and [Ca2+]e) in the spinal dorsal horns of frogs. Repetitive stimulation (30-100 Hz) of the dorsal root evoked transient acidification in the lower dorsal horn by 0.25 pH units, which was accompanied by an increase in [K+]e by 4-5 mmol/l...

The stomachs of most vertebrates operate at an acidic pH of 2 generated by the gastric H(+)/K(+)-ATPase located in parietal cells. The acidic pH in stomachs of vertebrates is believed to aid digestion and to protect against environmental pathogens. Little attention has been placed on whether acidic gastric pH regulation is a vertebrate character or a deuterostome ancestral trait. Here, we repor...