We describe a method for independently verifying the dose distributions from pre- and post-implant brachytherapy source distributions. Monte Carlo calculations have been performed to characterize the three-dimensional dose distribution in water phantom from a low-energy brachytherapy source. The calculations are performed in a voxelized, Cartesian coordinate geometry and normalized based upon a...

PURPOSE To evaluate the feasibility and to report the early outcomes of focal treatment of prostate cancer using low-dose-rate brachytherapy (LDR-PB). MATERIAL AND METHODS Seventeen patients were screened with multi-parametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI), 14 of whom proceeded to receive trans-perineal template mapping biopsy (TTMB). Focal LDR-PB was performed on five eligible patients ...

AIM The aim of this study is to quantify the influence of the photon energy spectrum of brachytherapy sources on task group No. 43 (TG-43) dosimetric parameters. BACKGROUND Different photon spectra are used for a specific radionuclide in Monte Carlo simulations of brachytherapy sources. MATERIALS AND METHODS MCNPX code was used to simulate 125I, 103Pd, 169Yb, and 192Ir brachytherapy sources...

In 1995, the American Association of Physicists in Medicine (AAPM)) published a report on the dosimetry of sources used in interstitial brachytherapy, Task Group No. 43 (TG-43) (Nath et al., 1995). This report introduces dose calculation formalism utilizing new quantities like air kerma strength (SK), dose rate constant (Λ), geometry function (G (r,θ)), radial dose function (g (r)), and anisotr...

The standard dose algorithm provided by Panasonic to be used with the four element UD-802 TLD badge is widely employed in Personnel Dosimetry Services all around the world. The algorithm was developed to satisfy the obsolete standard ANSI 13.11-1983 that was reviewed in 1993 (HPS N13.11-1993) and revised again in 2001 (HPS N13.11-2001) including differences in the NIST x-ray techniques used as ...

OBJECTIVES This study sought to perform a randomized noninferiority trial of radiation exposure during cardiac catheterization comparing femoral access (FA) with left radial access (LRA) and right radial access (RRA). BACKGROUND Increased radiation exposure with radial approach compared with femoral approach remains a controversial issue. METHODS This study randomized 1,493 patients undergo...

A new calibration protocol, developed by the AAPM Task Group 51 (TG-51) to replace the TG-21 protocol, is based on an absorbed-dose to water standard and calibration factor (N(D,w)), while the TG-21 protocol is based on an exposure (or air-kerma) standard and calibration factor (N(x)). Because of differences between these standards and the two protocols, the results of clinical reference dosime...

nano materials have been widely used in laboratory and industrial scales in order to improve various properties of concrete and concrete mixture. the mainstream practice of the researches in this field is to add metallic nano-particles into the concrete mixture. the present research focuses on adding micro-nano air bubbles (mnab) into water before mixing it with aggregate and cement mixtures. i...