Growth hormone (GH) excess is associated with insulin resistance, but the molecular mechanisms of this association are poorly understood. In the current work, we have examined the consequences of exposure to high GH levels on the early steps of the insulin-signaling system in the muscle of bovine (b) GH-transgenic mice. The protein content and the tyrosine phosphorylation state of the insulin r...

The neuroendocrine mechanisms by which estradiol drives growth hormone (GH) secretion in the human are poorly defined. Here we investigate estrogen's specific regulation of the 24-h pulsatile, nyctohemeral, and entropic modes of GH secretion in healthy postmenopausal women. Volunteers ( n = 9) received randomly ordered placebo versus estradiol-17β (1 mg micronized steroid twice daily orally) tr...

For insight into transcriptional mechanisms mediating physiological responses to GH, data mining was performed on a profile of GH-regulated genes induced or inhibited at different times in highly responsive 3T3-F442A adipocytes. Gene set enrichment analysis indicated that GH-regulated genes are enriched in pathways including phosphoinositide and insulin signaling and suggested that suppressor o...

We have investigated whether a reduced MCR of GH in women will account for their higher serum GH concentrations premenopausally compared with those in men. To this end, we directly compared the half-life (t 1/2) of GH and its volume of distribution (Vo) in 13 young men and 6 comparably aged women, each evaluated at three stages of the normal menstrual cycle (viz. the early follicular, late foll...

We reported a facile one-pot synthesis of bimetallic CoCu nanoparticles (NPs) anchored on graphene hydrogel (GH-CoCu) as catalysts in hydrogen generation from the hydrolysis ammonia borane (HAB). The presented novel method composed reduction mixture oxide, cobalt(II), and copper(II) acetate tetrahydrates by aqueous ethylene glycol solution teflon-coated stainless-steel reactor at 180 °C. struct...

1. Growth hormone (GH) secretion from pituitary somatotropes is mainly regulated by two hypothalamic hormones, GH-releasing hormone (GHRH) and somatotrophin releasing inhibitory factor (SRIF). 2. Somatotrophin releasing inhibitory factor inhibits GH secretion via activation of specific membrane receptors, somatostatin receptors (SSTRs) and signalling transduction systems in somatotropes. 3. Fiv...

Problem. Clinical features of Graves' hyperthyroidism (GH) generally improve during pregnancy and rebound in the postpartum period. It is unclear whether the ophthalmopathy that is associated with GH and, less often, Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) changes in parallel with the thyroid associated antibody reactions and clinical features or runs a different course. Method of Study. We retrospectivel...

BACKGROUND Burn and trauma patients present a clinical challenge due to metabolic derangements and hypermetabolism that result in a prolonged catabolic state with impaired healing and secondary complications, including ventilator dependence. Previous work has shown that circulating levels of growth hormone (GH) are predictive of mortality in critically ill adults, but few studies have examined ...

The pulsatile release of growth hormone (GH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) from the anterior pituitary gland is integral for signaling secretion of insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I and testosterone, respectively. This study examined the hypothesis that 84 h of sustained physical exertion with caloric and sleep restriction alters the secretion of GH and LH. Ten male soldiers [22 yr (SD 3), 183 ...

Hyperlipidemia, diabetes mellitus type 2, and coronary heart disease have been associated with being born small for gestational age (SGA). It has been reported that GH treatment induced higher insulin levels, which has led to concern regarding the long-term effect of GH treatment in predisposed individuals such as children born SGA. In this study, we assessed the effect of discontinuation of lo...