Throughout many parts of the world, cast iron pipe has been and continues to be used for utility piping (water sewage) gaseous media piping. Gray is known have a limited life in service but often left place beyond its reasonable life. Therefore, end then defined as rupture or crack subsequent leak, at an unpleasant time with results. The controlling mechanism involved dependent graphitic corros...

The need for a clean and safe drinking water supply for centers of population has been recognized for over 2000 years. The early Romans recognized that human activities and effluent were a major source of water pollution, and that providing water from relatively unpopulated areas was a solution to the problem. In 312 b.c. the Romans under Appius Claudius began development of an aqueduct system ...

The design of electrical wiring and hydraulic/pneumatic piping routes in aircraft is a long and repetitive process which is largely done by hand. Presented in this paper is progress in the development of a knowledge based routing system which automates much of the routing process using intelligent algorithms and interchangeable design rules. The system reads three dimensional CAD models to be n...

ydraulic transient simulation models are widely used by water utilities and engineering firms around the world in the planning, analysis, and design of water distribution piping systems (Boulos et al, 2006; Walski et al, 2003). These models are used to both evaluate potentially objectionable pressure transients (surges), which could lead to unacceptable operating conditions developing in the sy...

Most residences of the northern parts of Golestan Province, have historically used rooftop rainwater for drinking. Its adoption rate and continued use have declined in recent years for various reasons. Based on a survey of 380 cases, this research attempted to identify what factors are contributing to the adoption of these systems. The results demonstrated that the adoption changes in response ...

ii) The control valve Manufacturer can only state the Inherent valve characteristics, which refer to the flowrate (F) – valve travel position (m or Z) relationship, when the pressure drop across the control valve (DPV) is constant. Note that the pressure drop across the control valve (DPV) can be almost constant only if the piping system pressure drop (DPS) is concentrated at the control valve ...

Buried or inaccessible piping systems within Nuclear Power plants present a challenge in terms of overall inspection. Limited access and complex piping configurations restrict the type of indirect or direct NDE methodologies which can be applied by inspectors. Due to the complexity of buried and above-grade piping systems routed in and around these facilities, many plants have been forced to lo...

A condensing device allows to avoid condensation on cooling ceilings in rooms with humid air. It uses thermoelectric modules in contact with the cooling panels. The pumped heat is transferred into the cooling ceiling to keep its temperature above the dew point. Tests have been performed in a full-scale chamber. A set of condensing units was mounted on a standard hydraulic cooling ceiling. The c...