In this paper, a new nano-size ionic liquid (nIL) has been synthesized from D-phenylalanine and oxalic acid (D-Phe-OX) via a simple procedure. The obtained nIL has been characterized by the fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDAX), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1</sup...

molybdate sulfuric acid (msa) has been prepared and used as catalyst for the biginelli synthesis of some quinazolinones/thiones under solvent-free conditions. the catalyst loading is low and it shows recyclability. this method has advantages such as avoidance of the organic solvents, high yield of pure products, short reaction times and operational simplicity.

Dilute oxalic acid pretreatment was applied to maple wood to improve compatibility with downstream operations, and its performance in pretreatment and subsequent enzymatic hydrolysis was compared to results for hydrothermal and dilute hydrochloric and sulfuric acid pretreatments. The highest total xylose yield of ∼84% of the theoretical maximum was for both 0.5% oxalic and sulfuric acid pretrea...

While it is well established that organics compose a large fraction of the atmospheric aerosol mass, the mechanisms through which organics are incorporated into atmospheric aerosols are not well understood. Acid-catalyzed reactions of compounds with carbonyl groups have recently been suggested as important pathways for transfer of volatile organics into acidic aerosols. In the present study, we...

Infrared extinction spectra in the 3-5-microm and 7-13-microm atmospheric window regions have been obtained for smokes of petroleum oil, sulfuric acid, and phosphoric acid of varying droplet concentration and for water fogs. Spectra were also obtained at 0.36-2.35microm for petroleum oil and sulfuric acid smokes. Experimental results were compared, for sulfuric acid and water aerosols, to calcu...

The chemical composition and aluminum speciation of sludge incineration residue (SIR) were determined. Cementation of aluminum from sulfuric acid solution using SIR was studied. The results showed that acid-soluble inorganic aluminum was the predominant component in the sludge, and the total leached aluminum increased from 62.2% to 92.9% after incineration. Sulfuric acid dosage and reaction tim...

a green and convenient method for the synthesis of 14-aryl-14h-dibenzo[a,i]xanthene-8,13-diones and spiro[dibenzo[a,i]-xanthene-14,3'-indoline]-2',8,13-triones in the presence of a catalytic amount of cellulose sulfuric acid (csa) as an efficient biopolymer-based catalyst under solvent-free conditions at 100 °c is described. the condensation reactions of β-naphtol, 2-hydroxynaphthalene-1,4-dion...

[reaction: see text] The reaction of CH(4) with CO(2) has been performed in anhydrous acids using VO(acac)(2) and K(2)S(2)O(8) as promoters. NMR analysis establishes that the primary product is a mixed anhydride of acetic acid and the acid solvent. In sulfuric acid, the overall reaction is CH(4) + CO(2) + SO(3) --> CH(3)C(O)-O-SO(3)H. Hydrolysis of the mixed anhydride produces acetic acid and t...

A water vapor electrolysis cell utilizing sulfuric acid as the electrolyte has been shown to be capable of operating efficiently on the typical humidity of cabin air. Concentrated sulfuric acid can absorb enough water from a 50% relative humidity air stream at 75°F to permit an electrolysis cell to c&rate at a current density as high as 150 mA/cm2. . Sulfuric acid was examined for physical prop...