The imaging revolution with Ultrasound, Computed Tomography, and Magnetic Resonance Imaging entered the world of treatment planning in external beam radiation therapy in the 80ies and 90ies, step by step (9). With the support of modern computer technology, this has led to sophisticated, widespread, 3D sectional image based treatment planning, that nowadays increasingly forms an essential integr...

fig trees are threatened by the attack of fig mosaic disease (fmd) on leaves and fruits caused by viruses of several genera. shoot-tip culture is a convenient method for viral sanitation. for this purpose, a reliable protocol for rapid in vitro propagation was developed with shoot-tips of three major tunisian local fig (ficus carica l.) varieties zidi (zdi), soltani (sni), bither abiadh (ba) an...

in this research, the coupling between non-gray radiation and separation convection flow in a duct is investigated numerically. distributions of absorption coefficients across the spectrum  are obtained from the hitran2008 database. the full-spectrum k-distribution method is used to deal with the non-gray part of the problem, while the gray radiation calculations are performed using the planck ...

Introduction: Radiation therapy is an important procedure for treatment of more than half of tumors. One way to increase the efficiency of radiation therapy is application of radiosensitizer at the site of tumor. gold nanoparticles (GNPs) have several characteristics that make them attractive for using with radiation therapy including small size (1–100 nm), biocompatibility, pr...

Background: The presence of small intestine in the radiation field during pelvic cancers treatment causes an interruption in radiotherapy. A non-invasive method was developed to exclude small intestine during conventional radiotherapy. Materials and Methods: The incidence of the radiation therapy interruption is highly dependent upon the area of the small intestine included in the portals and i...

introduction: palmoplantar psoriasis could hardly be differentiated from chronic tylotic eczema both clinically and histologically. the most commonly used therapeutic options for palmoplantar psoriasis are long-term therapy with topical corticosteroids and local puva. frequently, it is a recalcitrant disease. we investigated the efficacy  and tolerability of the combination of topical calcipotr...

PURPOSE To eliminate or reduce the error to Pareto optimality that arises in Pareto surface navigation when the Pareto surface is approximated by a small number of plans. METHODS The authors propose to project the navigated plan onto the Pareto surface as a postprocessing step to the navigation. The projection attempts to find a Pareto optimal plan that is at least as good as or better than t...

o bjectives: correct determination of working length is an important step for suc- cess of endodontic therapy. conventional radiography has limitations in providing the accurate location of apical foramen. for this reason, electronic apex locators (eals) were developed to shorten the treatment time and decrease the radiation dose. the aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of root zx ea...

The purpose of this study was to determine the impacts of lung and tumor volumes on normal lung dosimetry in three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3DCRT), step-and-shoot intensity-modulated radiotherapy (ssIMRT), and single full-arc volumetric-modulated arc therapy (VMAT) in treatment of nonsmall cell lung cancers (NSCLC). All plans were designed to deliver a total dose of 66 Gy in 33 fract...