the aim of this study was to investigate the role of sport shoes packaging in persuading different groups of athletes to buy sport shoes. the methodology was descriptive-survey. the statistical population consisted of 1800 athletes of sport clubs of poldokhtar city. 329 subjects were selected as the sample by morgan table using clustering random sampling method in those clubs. a researcher-made...

The development of social media applications, such as blogs, Facebook and Twitter, has offered new participatory opportunities for everyday media users. This article contributes to research by looking into one specific aspect of the increasingly more participatory media ecology – the news comment feature. Drawing on a quantitative content analysis of 1100 news pieces, as well as spaces for user...

Building on the foundational study conducted by Abeza et al., this work extends investigation critically reviewing social media research in sport studies published from June 2014 to 2023. Methodologically, review involved an examination of 153 original articles five prominent journals communication and management, namely International Journal Sport Communication , & Management Review Europe...

Almost one half of male and female students participate in high school-sponsored athletics, and high school also is a time when classroom health promotion curricula are less effective. The Athletes Training and Learning to Avoid Steroids is a sport team-centered drug-use prevention program for male high school athletes, which has been shown to reduce alcohol and illicit drug use. Just as anabol...

The topic of depression during the career of elite male athletes has been the subject of much public interest and attention in recent years. Despite numerous debates and personal disclosures within the media, there is a dearth of published research directly exploring the phenomenon. This study sought to explore how elite male athletes experience depression during their sporting careers. Eight f...

The focus of researchers, media and policy on doping in cycling is often limited to the professional level of the sport. However, anti-doping test results since 2001 demonstrate that banned substances are also used by US cyclists at lower levels of the sport, necessitating a broader view of the patterns and motivations of substance use within the sport. In this article, we describe and explain ...

BACKGROUND Concussions remain a serious public health concern. It is important that persons involved in youth sports, particularly coaches, be made aware and educated on the signs and symptoms of concussion. This study assessed the perceptions of youth sport coaches who have received the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's (CDC's) "Heads Up: Concussion in Youth Sports" materials in pre...

Research question The business of sport has been radically challenged by the COVID-19 pandemic, impelling a rapid reassessment practices to survive disruption. One stakeholder comprehensively impacted media, whose investments in augmenting sport’s commercial appeal have immense. media will need rethink their strategies adequately leverage connections products. Similarly, properties and content ...

We present an economic model of media bias and media mergers. Media owners have political motives as well as profit motives, and can influence public opinion by withholding information that is pejorative to their political agenda — provided that their agenda is not too far out of the political mainstream. This is true even with rational consumers who understand the media owners’ biases, because...