Measurement How important is measurement? Consider this: Everything you buy in a grocery store is measured. A pound of cherries, a gallon of milk, and a dozen eggs. Just as eggs are measured by counting them, the cashier will measure the money you hand him by counting it. Everything is measured in this transaction. Besides commerce, which is impossible without measurement, we need measurement f...

Static electromagnetic braking (EMBr) fields affect greatly the turbulent flow pattern in steel continuous casting, which leads to potential benefits such as decreasing flow instability, surface defects, and inclusion entrapment if applied correctly. To gain a fundamental understanding of how EMBr affects transient turbulent flow, the current work applies large eddy simulations (LES) to investi...

The Escherichia coli outer membrane phospholipid:lipid A palmitoyltransferase PagP exhibits remarkable selectivity because its binding pocket for lipid acyl chains excludes those differing in length from palmitate by a solitary methylene unit. This narrow detergent-binding hydrophobic pocket buried within the eight-strand antiparallel beta-barrel is known as the hydrocarbon ruler. Gly88 lines t...

Using two sample applications, we demonstrate the eeectiveness of our portable and reusable library for parallel tree search. On 1024 Transputers we achieve near optimal speedup even for quite small instances of the Golomb ruler problem. The 0/1 knapsack problem is more challenging but it is possible to achieve superlinear speedup compared to the standard sequential depth rst algorithm the impl...