BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES Congenital rubella syndrome (CRS) accounts for a significant amount of mortality and morbidity in India. Rubella vaccination is not included in our national immunization programme. Occupational exposure of the health care personnel to rubella infection is well known. This study aims to assess the serological status of health care workers against rubella virus in Aravind ...

Rubella virus usually causes a mild fever and rash in children and adults. However, infection during pregnancy, especially during the first trimester, can result in miscarriage, stillbirth, or infants with congenital malformations, known as congenital rubella syndrome (CRS). In 2011, the World Health Organization (WHO) updated guidance on the preferred strategy for introduction of rubella-conta...

OBJECTIVE Rubella vaccine is not included in the immunization schedule in Myanmar. Although surveillance for outbreaks of measles and rubella is conducted nationwide, there is no routine surveillance for congenital rubella syndrome (CRS). Therefore, we organized a study to assess the burden of CRS. METHODS From 1 December 2000 to 31 December 2002 active surveillance for CRS was conducted amon...

IMPORTANCE To verify the elimination of endemic measles, rubella, and congenital rubella syndrome (CRS) from the Western hemisphere, the Pan American Health Organization requested each member country to compile a national elimination report. The United States documented the elimination of endemic measles in 2000 and of endemic rubella and CRS in 2004. In December 2011, the Centers for Disease C...

Background: Rubella infection with in the first trimester of pregnancy may lead to adverse pregnancy outcomes. The present study was conducted to evaluate the immunity against rubella among pregnant Iranian women. Materials and Methods: The steps of meta-analyses were conducted based on the PRISMA guidelines. To review the associated English and Persian literature, a comprehensive search was co...

OBJECTIVES To determine the seroprevalence of rubella virus infection among antenatal patients aged between 15 and 45 years in the Western Cape province of South Africa, in order to provide data to determine the need for vaccination to protect women of childbearing age. DESIGN A cross-sectional study. Setting. Virology laboratory, Groote Schuur Hospital, National Health Laboratory Service (NH...

OBJECTIVE To describe the events leading to the epidemic of congenital rubella syndrome in Greece in 1993 after a major rubella epidemic. DESIGN Retrospective survey and systematic review. SETTING Greece (population 10 million), 1950-95. SUBJECTS Children, adolescents, and women of childbearing age. RESULTS Around 1975 in Greece the measles, mumps, and rubella vaccine started being give...

A rubella outbreak occurred in Anqing city of Anhui province, China, from February to July of 2012, and a total of 241 clinically diagnosed or lab-confirmed patients were reported. The highest number of rubella cases during this outbreak was recorded in teenagers between 10 and 19 years of age who had not previously received the rubella vaccine. Genotyping results indicated that the genotype 2B...

In this study, the seroprevalences of measles, mumps, and rubella antibodies in infants were determined to assess the immunization strategy and control measures for these infectious diseases. Serum samples from infants < 1 year of age and their mothers were collected to measure the concentrations of specific IgG antibodies to measles, mumps, and rubella by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. For...

Teratogenicity ofthe rubella virus for the developing organ systems of the human embryo has been recognized since Gregg's (1941) clinical description of the congenital rubella syndrome and the retrospective epidemiological investigation of the 1940 Australian rubella epidemic by Swan et al. (1943). Pathogenesis, however, remained speculative, as rubella was only of presumed viral etiology. Subs...