What are the opportunities and challenges for upscaling energy retrofit of heritage buildings? Heritage buildings comprise approximately 20% UK building stock challenging to sensitively because their values traditional construction. These may therefore be unconducive standard retrofitting approaches. Twelve case studies in examined. Three key findings presented together with implications retrof...

Acoustic emission (AE) testing was deployed on details of two large steel Interstate Highway bridges: one cantilever through-truss and one trapezoidal box girder bridge. Quantitative measurements of activity levels at known and suspected crack locations were made by monitoring AE under normal service loads (e.g., live traffic and wind). AE indications were used to direct application of radiogra...

A bottom up engineering modelling approach has been used to investigate the pathways to 2050 low carbon residential building stock. The impact of housing retrofit, renewable technologies, occupant behaviour, and grid decarbonisation is measured at a local authority scale. The results of this exercise were visualised using a client web application, or ‘demonstrator,’ which was developed to allow...

Several mitigation methods are described, and one possible retrofit solution is shown. In a later paper, (see the pdf file “ Upsdown measure”) numerical simulations were performed on a model of the system in order to expand the range of conditions and identify significant variables. Nevertheless, there are still very few published data on quantifying the stress that can be produced by these sce...

A dissipative bracing system incorporating pressurized fluid viscous spring-dampers has been studied for many years by the authors as an alternative seismic protection strategy for new and existing frame structures. As a concluding stage of this activity, a set of demonstrative case studies was examined to illustrate the enhancement of seismic performance and the economic advantages guaranteed ...

The seismic rehabilitation designs of two reinforced concrete school buildings, representative of a wide stock of similar edifices designed under earlier editions of the Italian Technical Standards, are presented in this paper. The mutual retrofit solution elaborated for the two buildings consists in the incorporation of a dissipative bracing system including pressurized fluid viscous springdam...