Bcl-2 is an anti-apoptotic protein with important roles in vascular homeostasis and angiogenesis. Mice globally lacking Bcl-2 (Bcl-2 -/-) are small in stature and succumb to renal failure shortly after weaning as a result of renal hypoplasia/cystic dysplasia. We have shown that Bcl-2 -/- mice displayed attenuated retinal vascular development and neovascularization. In vitro studies indicated th...

Apoptosis plays a central role in developmental and pathological angiogenesis and vessel regression. Bim is a pro-apoptotic Bcl-2 family member that plays a prominent role in both developmental and pathological ocular vessel regression, and neovascularization. Endothelial cells (EC) and pericytes (PC) each play unique roles during vascular development, maintenance and regression. We recently sh...

This paper presents an automated method for detecting microaneurysms in the retinal angiographic images by using image processing techniques. In the presented method, in order to fade or remove the pseudo images, first retinal images are pre-processed. Then microaneurysms are identified by circular Hough transform. In the existing methods of dete...

Comment. Bevacizumab in this patient was shown to be well tolerated without any signs of toxic effects; in particular, no inflammation, degeneration, or necrosis was observed. Furthermore, the results show that bevacizumab effectively controlled the neovascularization in zone 1, stage 2 ROP. Vascular endothelial growth factor is a survival factor for retinal neurons and a critical neuroprotecta...

The retina offers a beautiful and unique opportunity to visualize and examine the body’s microvasculature safely, repeatedly, quickly, and noninvasively in vivo. Retinal arterioles appear to undergo similar changes as cerebral and peripheral arterioles in hypertension, indicating that retinal arteriolar abnormalities mirror structural and functional microvascular changes elsewhere in end-organ ...

BACKGROUND In this paper we attempt to describe the clinical features, visual outcomes, and surgical results of patients with acute retinal necrosis (ARN) syndrome and elucidate the risk factors for a poor prognosis. We also review the methods of treatment. METHODS This was a retrospective, noncomparative, observational study of patients diagnosed with ARN syndrome. Nine patients (11 eyes) in...

PURPOSE. To examine whether diabetes-induced connexin 43 downregulation promotes retinal vascular lesions characteristic of diabetic retinopathy (DR). METHODS. Two animal models, streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice and Cx43 heterozygous knockout (Cx43(+/-)) mice, were studied to directly assess whether diabetes reduces the expression of retinal Cx43, which, in turn, contributes to retinal vasc...