Increasing climate ambition through 2030 will be crucial to limiting global peak temperature changes this century. Countries need ratchet their pledges made in Glasgow reduce overshoot and consequently the risks of irreversible adverse consequences natural human systems.

In this paper, the Bree diagram is extended to consider progressive buckling failure and a direct approach for structural design considering ratcheting deformation developed. Firstly, mechanism of structures subjected combination constant cyclic loadings sufficiently discussed. Then, two-stage developed based on Linear Matching Method nonlinear analysis, which can generate curves in diagram. To...

In this paper, we consider the mixed ratcheting-periodic dividend strategies for spectrally negative L\'{e}vy risk model, in which payments can both be made continuously without falling and discretely at jump times of an independent Poisson process. The expected net present value(NPV) dividends paid up to ruin Laplace transform time are obtained by using fluctuation theory. All results expresse...

Characterization of Teflon polymer based gaskets under expedited aging is the objective this work. are exploited frequently as a replacement to asbestos fiber because their excellent leak tightness and nonhazardous physical degradation properties. The research focuses profoundly on adverse influence temperature thermal cycles creep cumulative damage phenomenon compressive load. Virgin expanded ...