We prove that, given a double sequence w over the alphabet A (i.e. a mapping from Z to A), if there exists a pair (n0; m0) ∈ Z such that pw(n0; m0)¡ 1 100n0m0, then w has a periodicity vector, where pw is the complexity function in rectangles of w. c © 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

Let Pw and PM be the countable distributive lattices of Muchnik and Medvedev degrees of non-empty Π1 subsets of 2 , under Muchnik and Medvedev reducibility, respectively. We show that all countable distributive lattices are lattice-embeddable below any non-zero element of Pw. We show that many countable distributive lattices are lattice-embeddable below any non-zero element of PM .

We have developed a green method to reduce graphene oxide via a UV-irradiated photoreduction process in which H(3)PW(12)O(40) was used as photocatalyst. Moreover, H(3)PW(12)O(40) can adsorb on the reduced graphene oxide as anionic stabilizer and lead to water dispersible graphene sheets.

To evaluate the hypothesis that increasing the potential for glycolytic metabolism would benefit the functioning of infarcted myocardium, we investigated whether mild exercise training would increase the activities of oxidative enzymes, expression of carbohydrate-related transport proteins (monocarboxylate transporter MCT1 and glucose transporter GLUT4), and myosin heavy chain (MHC) isoforms. M...

BACKGROUND Recently, people have begun showing heightened interest in skin whitening. Melanin is an important factor that determines skin color. The purpose of this study is to investigate the inhibitory effect of Taraxacum mongolicum (TAM) with phreatic water (PW) from Dogo Hot Springs on melanin synthesis. METHODS We assessed the inhibitory effects of TAM on melanin synthesis in B16F10 mous...

Whole-cell voltage recordings were made in vivo from subsequently reconstructed pyramidal neurons (n = 30) in layer 3 (L3) and layer 2 (L2) of the barrel cortex of urethane-anaesthetised rats. Average resting membrane potentials were well below (15-40 mV) action potential (AP) initiation threshold. The average spontaneous AP activity (0.068 +/- 0.22 APs s-1) was low. Principal whisker (PW) defl...

Proof. we’re following an argument from (Grötschel, Lovász, and Schrijver 1984); proof is provided for completeness. Assume we are given an oracle O that computes LPw. Consider another polyhedron P◦ w = {y : yx ≤ 1,∀x ∈ Pw}. For any y, we can decide whether y ∈ P◦ w by solving an instance of LPw: max yx, s.t. x ∈ Pw. This can be computed by oracle O and output an optimal solution x∗. If yTx∗ ≤ ...

Muscle endurance measurement using a progressive workload method may reduce pain sensation in the subject. This study aimed to examine the relationships between force-time parameters during sustained static gripping as measured by maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) using either a progressive workload (PW) or a constant workload (CW). Sixteen subjects performed sustained static gripping with 7 ...

OBJECTIVE To describe how men and women experience their use of powered wheelchairs (PW) and powered scooters (PS) in everyday occupations, in the home and in society at large. METHODS A qualitative research approach with focus-group methodology was used. Four focus groups were created, with men and women as well as PW and PS users in different groups. Applying a descriptive approach, data we...