Pigeons were exposed to a repeated acquisition procedure in which no delays were imposed and rate of responding was relatively high. They also were exposed to conditions in which delays were arranged between trials within chains or between completed chains, and rates of responding were lower. Number of trials, rate of reinforcement, difficulty of the discrimination, and motivating operations we...

Three experiments investigated the loci of contextual effects in judgment. Experiment 1 demonstrated the effect of stimulus spacing on category ratings and magnitude estimations of the darkness of dot patterns. Variations in the stimulus spacing were shown to affect both category ratings and magnitude estimations in a similar fashion. Experiment 2 was designed to determine whether contextual ef...

Four-year-olds' sensitivity to differences among faces in the spacing of features was tested under 4 task conditions: judging distinctiveness when the external contour was visible and when it was occluded, simultaneous match-to-sample, and recognizing the face of a friend. In each task, the foil differed only in the spacing of features, and spacing alterations were within normal limits. Childre...

The limit distribution of energy level spacing is studied for the system of two harmonic oscillators with generic ratio of frequencies. It is proved that for any fixed generic ratio e no limit distribution exists, but for random e with any absolutely continuous distribution p(e)de on [0, 1] a universal random limit distribution of the energy level spacing exists. Some properties of the random l...

Chemistry & IndustryVolume 86, Issue 1 p. 18-21 MaterialsFree to Read Fit Print First published: 21 January 2022 https://doi.org/10.1002/cind.861_8.xAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use check box below share version article.I have read accept the Wiley Online...