OBJECTIVE β-Cell and islet endothelial cell destruction occurs during the progression of type 1 diabetes, but, paradoxically, β-cell proliferation is increased during this period. Altered glucose tolerance may affect β-cell mass and its association with endothelial cells. Our objective was to study the effects of glucose and inflammation on islet vascularity and on β function, mass, and insulin...

OBJECTIVE Although abnormalities in the fatty acid composition of serum and red cell membrane phospholipids of patients with type 2 diabetes are well-documented, lacking are studies of this issue in prediabetic individuals. MATERIALS/METHODS For this cross-sectional study, we recruited 180 subjects (30-80 years), 56 of whom were normal with regard to glucose control (HbA1c, <5.7%), 61 who had...

BACKGROUND Subjects with type 2 diabetes have smaller LDL and HDL particles in addition to higher levels of triglycerides and lower HDL cholesterol. Elevated insulin resistance, blood pressure, and dyslipidemia (including small dense LDL) predicted incident diabetes. In the Insulin Resistance Atherosclerosis Study (IRAS) we studied nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) lipoprotein particle measures ...

Prediabetes, typically defined as impaired glucose tolerance and/or impaired fasting blood glucose, is a high-risk state of developing diabetes. The association of diabetes-related metabolites with prediabetes has not been investigated intensively. This study aimed to get insights into the metabolic behaviors of some typical diabetes-related metabolites in plasma of male Spontaneously Diabetic ...

AIM Altered adipokine serum concentrations early reflect impaired adipose tissue function in obese patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). It is not entirely clear whether these adipokine alterations are already present in prediabetic states and so far there is no comprehensive adipokine panel available. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess distinct adipokine profiles in patients with no...

AIM Serum albumin concentration is associated with both type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome (MetS). We sought to investigate whether baseline serum albumin and change in serum albumin could be independent risk factors for prediabetes in subjects without MetS. We further examined the effect of serum albumin on progression to overt diabetes in subjects who developed prediabetes. METHODS Amon...

CONTEXT Conflicting data exist on mitochondrial function and physical activity in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) development. OBJECTIVE The aim was to assess mitochondrial function at different stages during T2DM development in combination with physical exercise in longstanding T2DM patients. DESIGN AND METHODS We performed cross-sectional analysis of skeletal muscle from 12 prediabetic 11...

Abstract It is unknown whether dysregulated CSF1R himonocytes/macrophages drive the progression to diabetes and if their removal endogenous replacement with fresh macrophages resolves disease. Therefore, we hypothesize that depletion of activated CSF1R+ tissue using a monoclonal antibody against freshly differentiated will alleviate inflammation in tissues ameliorate diabetes-associated disease...

Although it is well established that diabetes impairs endothelium-dependent vasodilation, including those pathways involving vascular myocyte large-conductance Ca(2+)-activated K(+) channels (BK(Ca)), little is known about the effects of diabetes on BK(Ca) activation as an intrinsic response to contractile stimulation. We have investigated this mechanism in a model of Type 2 diabetes, the male ...