This paper investigates the constraints placed on some synchronized oscil-lator models by their underlying dynamics. Phase response graphs are used to determine the phase locking behaviours of three oscillator models. These results are compared with idealized phase response graphs for single phase and multiple phase systems. We nd that all three oscillators studied are best suited to operate in...

The analysis and design of the phase-locked loop (PLL) system is presented for the phase tracking system of the single phase utility interface inverters Phase-locked loops (PLL) are widely used in power electronics equipment connected to the mains. The use of a square wave voltage-controlled oscillator instead of a sinusoidal one eliminates one multiplier, resulting in a simple PLL algorithm, s...

This work aims at analyzing three different techniques for synchronizing RF oscillators. These techniques are Injection Locking (ILO), Phase Locked Loop (PLL) and Injection Locked Phase Locked Loop (ILPLL). ILPLL, which is a combination of PLL and ILO, has superior noise performance –compared to all the restat medium frequency offsets and the same noise performance at low and high offsets. Furt...

DLL is used as a clock generator due to its stable operation and relatively simple design. Analog DLL has the advantages of lower phase offset and lower clock jitter than digital DLL. However, locking speed is slow in analog DLL. This paper proposes a dual edge triggered phase detector to enhance the locking speed of analog DLL and suggests a closed-form expression of locking speed which can co...

Phase-Locked Loops (PLLs) have developed into many other electrical, instrument control and electronic systems. Inattentive of their individual implementation, with their related specific problems, the basic theory common to all PLLs is not easy to understanding. Fundamentally, this is because it is feedback system and exhibits an intrinsic nonlinear nature. Even assuming approximate linear mod...

Design and simulation of Digital PLL has been illustrated in this paper. The Digital PLL is given signal of 400 MHz to 900 MHz in the UNII (Unlicensed National Information Infrastructure) lower band which is used by IEEE 802.11(a). All the Digital PLL blocks are designed and simulated using Simulink. It is verified that Digital PLL is stable with a phase margin of 91.1 degree which satisfy the ...

Ionospheric scintillations are known to affect both the magnitude and the phase of the incoming GNSS signal. These phase variations are typically synchronized with a deep fade of the signal level, that could lead to the occurrence of cycle slips (phase jumps), errors in the data demodulation and ultimately loss of lock. These effects have an impact not only on accuracy, but also availability, c...

Phase noise (PN) in phase locked loop (PLL) system is an important parameter in communication system. It degrades the system performance by increasing bit error rate (BER). The PLL concept was first appeared in the papers by Appleton in 1923 and de Bellescize in 1932 [1]. It is essentially a control system which employs feedback mechanism to synchronize the phase of output signal with the phase...