One of the earliest studies reporting the presence of xanthine oxidase in rat skin was made by Barry et al. (1). Westerfeld and Richer-t (2), in a study of the distribution of this enzyme in the tissues of the white rat, confirmed this finding and reported that activity in the skin accounted for approximately 20% of the total xanthine oxidase of the rat. These authors did not study the enzyme i...

The cytochrome c oxidase (COX) is the terminal enzyme of the respiratory chain. The complex accepts electrons from cytochrome c and passes them onto molecular oxygen. This process contributes to energy capture in the form of a membrane potential across the inner membrane. The enzyme complex assembles in a stepwise process from the three mitochondria-encoded core subunits Cox1, Cox2 and Cox3, wh...

In the liver tissue of newborn mice, xanthine oxidase activity is very low during the first 7 to 14 days of life. Infection of mice with several different viruses prematurely induced xanthine oxidase activity 2- to 10-fold in the liver tissue. Generally, overt signs of illness appeared after xanthine oxidase induction; however, some viruses induced the enzyme activity without causing morbidity ...

Inactive, lipid-depleted cytochrome oxidase was rapidly activated upon incubation with either neutral, basic, or acidic liposomes. When incubated with 0.5 to 10 times its weight in liposomes, the enzyme bound 20% of its weight in lipids. This amount of bound lipids probably corresponds to the “annular lipids” postulated to be tightly bound to cytochrome oxidase (Jest, P. C., Griffith, 0. H., Ca...

The performance of biofuel cells (BFCs) depends on the number electrons that can be harvested from one fuel molecule by bioanode, as well many other factors. Regular, one-enzyme bioanodes usually harvest two per molecule, lowering conversion efficiency chemical energy stored in to electrical energy. In this study, we successfully develop a high-performance BFC with two-enzyme bioanode four oxid...

A preparation of reconstituted cytochrome oxidase vesicles in which the enzyme is oriented facing inwards (such that it cannot interact with external cytochrome c) is described. No oxidase activity is expressed by these vesicles unless they are disrupted, allowing influx of cytochrome c or exposure of the oxidase-binding site to the external medium. We have exploited this property to follow det...

Galctose oxidase nanoaggregates have been prepared by chemical desolvation method involving the crosslinkng agent glutaraldehyde. These enzyme nanoagregates have been characterized by transmission electron microscopy(TEM), UV visible spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). TEM reveals the globular spherical nanostructured form upto the range of 20nm. UV visible spectroscop...

The apparent Michaelis constant, K(M), for glutamate oxidase (GluOx) immobilised on Pt electrodes increased systematically with enzyme loading. The effect was due, at least in part, to electrostatic repulsion between neighbouring oxidase molecules and the anionic substrate, glutamate (Glu). This understanding has allowed us to increase the Glu sensitivity of GluOx-based amperometric biosensors ...