Abstract Several studies have been written on the subject of animals in Ottoman Empire, with a focus dogs particular. Most these cover through various sources, including history books, biographies, travelogues, and diaries. Although studying issue via sources is important, several works period, especially distinct treatises, provide more concrete information subject. These treatises unique qual...

Background: For health professionals, the knowledge of the history of their art is central, both to understanding their science, but also their practice within the health care system. Therefore, it was necessary recounting the development of scarce public health services in Cyprus during the Ottoman rule (1571 1878) before their rapid development during the British rule (1878 1960). Objective: ...

Nationalism demands that rulers and ruled hail from the same ethnic background. The gradual adoption of this principle of legitimate statehood has transformed the shape of the political world over the past 2oo years and has provided the ideological motivation for an increasing number of wars fought in the modern era. Before the age of nationalism set in at the end of the eighteenth century, ind...

Sign language is the natural language of the prelingually deaf people particularly without hearing-speech rehabilitation. Otorhinolaryngologists, regarding health as complete physical, mental and psychosocial well-being, aim hearing by diagnosing deafness as deviance from normality. However, it's obvious that the perception conflicted with the behavior which does not meet the mental and social ...

BACKGROUND Tunisia is a North African country of 10 million inhabitants. The native background population is Berber. However, throughout its history, Tunisia has been the site of invasions and migratory waves of allogenic populations and ethnic groups such as Phoenicians, Romans, Vandals, Arabs, Ottomans and French. Like neighbouring and Middle Eastern countries, the Tunisian population shows a...

Although the Ottoman-tribal relations has been undermined to “state-tribe” conflict, it is a sophisticated relation. Çiçek focuses on by shedding light how Ottoman governments treated, reacted, and negotiated with Anizah Shammar tribes. (These tribes were wide across in vast geography from south of Mardin Urfa Turkey large part today’s north central Syria Iraq.) Çiçek’s book consists seven chap...

Belagat, ifadenin muhatabın durumunu, yer ve zamana uygunluğunu, doğruluk güzelliğini belirleyen kuralları içeren tarihî geçmişi eski bir disiplindir. Kendi içinde meani, beyan, bedii, fesahat gibi bölümleri olan belagat, aynı zamanda bu bölümlerin alt kollarını meydana getiren çok sayıda söz kuralına sahiptir. Genellikle sanatları ekseninde manzum metinler aracılığıyla karşılaşılan aslında gen...