In the war between Ottomans and Safavids Dynasty, two thirds of Kurdistan area was separated from Iran, and joined the Ottoman territories. The Ottoman empire was defeated in World War I and Kurdistan was divided among Turkey, Iraq, Syria, and a small part joined the Soviet Russia, i.e. Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Georgia. Concerning the Kurdish governments which were established in Iran being led...

Although the Ottoman-tribal relations has been undermined to “state-tribe” conflict, it is a sophisticated relation. Çiçek focuses on by shedding light how Ottoman governments treated, reacted, and negotiated with Anizah Shammar tribes. (These tribes were wide across in vast geography from south of Mardin Urfa Turkey large part today’s north central Syria Iraq.) Çiçek’s book consists seven chap...

This study traces the use of the Doctrine of Signatures among medieval and Ottoman physicians and its subsequent appearance in the pharmacological literature of the Levant. Close examination of the historical sources of the Levant seems to support the claim that although this theory did not originate in the region, it was certainly practised there. These sources have revealed 23 substances with...

This article examines the reception of Jalaluddin Rumi's Mathnawi in post-Ottoman Bosnia and Herzegovina through hitherto published translations that work Bosnian language. The authors inspect according to contemporary translation studies, retranslation relay studies particular. Following survey analysis, conclude into language cannot be regarded as a linear historical progression because proce...

Historical Context Historically, when human groups began to live in communities, the education of children gradually emerged as an important privilege, greatly aspired to by parents belonging to the upper echelons. In ancient Greece, children were tutored by well-paid Sophists who taught rhetoric and logic for the pursuit of self-interest and monetary gain. As alternatives to the sophists, the ...

BACKGROUND The causes of death have changed with regard to the epidemiological and demographic events in society. There is no evidence of prior research into the epidemiological transition in Turkey. This transition in Turkey should be observed starting with the Ottoman Empire period (19th to early 20th century). However, information about the Ottoman Empire is quite limited. AIMS To discuss ...

Zeynep Yürekli, Architecture and Hagiography in the Ottoman Empire: The Politics of Bektashi Shrines Classical Age