background iodinated x-ray contrast media are the most commonly used contrast agents in the world with an annual application of 40-50 million. new non-ionic con- trast agents are subdivided into low osmolar agents such as iopromide and iso-osmolar agents such as iodixanol. regarding different biochemical characteristics, these agents are different in the allergic reactions and contrast enhancem...

for Contrast Induced Nephropathy Prevention) trial. J Am Coll Cardiol Intv 2012;5:90–7. . Jost G, Pietsch H, Sommer J, et al. Retention of iodine and expression of biomarkers for renal damage in the kidney after application of iodinated contrast media in rats. Invest Radiol 2009;44:114–23. . Seeliger E, Becker K, Ladwig M, et al. Up to 50-fold increase in urine viscosity with iso-osmolar contra...

Although the advent of nonionic low-osmolar contrast agents has reduced the probability of a reaction to radiopaque contrast media derived from tri-iodinated benzoic acid, reactions still occur. Radiologic technologists must understand and know how to manage adverse effects of contrast media. Prompt attention to patients who exhibit the early signs of an adverse reaction can help to ensure the ...

1. The use of iso-osmolar contrast agents (2). 2. Minimization of the radiocontrast dose employed (3) (e.g., biplane imaging and echocardiography in place of contrast ventriculography). 3. Maximum 4-h fast prior to contrast exposure to prevent salt and water depletion. 4. Cessation of potentially nephrotoxic drugs prior to contrast exposure and reinstitution when renal function has been shown t...

Since hyperglycemia is involved in the "aspirin resistance" occurring in diabetes, we aimed at evaluating whether high glucose interferes with the aspirin-induced inhibition of thromboxane synthesis and/or activation of the nitric oxide (NO)/cGMP/cGMP-dependent protein kinase (PKG) pathway in platelets. For this purpose, in platelets from 60 healthy volunteers incubated for 60 min with 5-25 mmo...

Contrast-induced encephalopathy after cerebral angiography is a rare complication and until now, only few cases have been reported. This paper reports on contras-induced encephalopathy mimicking meningoencephalitis after cerebral angiography by using iodixanol, an iso-osmolar non-ionic contrast agent. A 58-year-old woman underwent cerebral angiography for the evaluation of multiple intracranial...

Activated Ca(2+)-sensing receptors (CaR) play key roles in the regulation of whole-body calcium metabolism by inhibiting the secretion of the key calcitropic hormone parathyroid hormone and promoting urinary calcium excretion. We have now examined the effects of intravenous administration of novel calcium receptor activators on renal function in anaesthetized female Wistar rats. The type II cal...