Advanced studies of apple (Malus domestica Borkh) development, physiology, and biochemistry have been hampered by the lack of appropriate genomics tools. One exception is the recent acquisition of extensive expressed sequence tag (EST) data. The entire available EST dataset for apple resulted from the efforts of at least 20 contributors and was derived from more than 70 cDNA libraries represent...

The economic and production losses in agricultural industry worldwide are due to the presence of diseases in the several kinds of fruits. In this paper, a method for the classification of fruit diseases is proposed and experimentally validated. The image processing based proposed approach is composed of the following main steps; in the first step K-Means clustering technique is used for the def...

introduction apple is one of the most important fruits that is produced in the large amount in iran. it is a good source of vitamins and minerals and active fiber. most of the apples that product in iran are use in food industry for producing different kinds of apple juices. after juicing, more than 20% of apple, remain as waste. the remained matter contain considerable amount of vitamins and m...

ABSTRACT Nonseasonal availability of pomaceous flowers could improve laboratory detection and prefield testing of biocontrol agents for fire blight of pear and apple. Crab apple was selected as a model because of its high flower productivity on 1-year-old wood, high susceptibility to fire blight, and availability from nurseries. Cultivars Manchurian and Snowdrift were manipulated to bloom once ...

Apples should be quickly and correctly detected from their surroundings for the apple harvesting robot. The basic color feature was extracted from FuJi apple tree images and analyzed by the statistical analysis method. Accordingly, a new apple detection method was proposed to position the centroid of picking apples. The color difference was used to segment apples from their surroundings. Then t...

Physical, chemical and sensory changes of cut apple (cv. Jonagored) stored in the dark at 4 C were evaluated. Colour was found to be the critical parameter for this product. Apple cubes underwent severe surface browning primarily during the initial days of storage. The shelf-life of cut apple was therefore very limited, to three days maximum. Sensory analyses and objective quality evaluations o...

INTRODUCTION An experiment was conducted beginning in 2003 at a certified organic apple orchard in Iowa to evaluate insect pest and disease incidence in four scab– resistant apple cultivars (Delate et al., 2005). This on-farm experiment was resumed in 2007 after new grant funds were secured to compare pest loads with previous years’ results. The objective of the on-farm demonstration was to com...

Cadmium (Cd) is a nonessential and highly toxic element causing agricultural problems. However, little information is available about the variation in Cd tolerance among apple rootstocks and its underlying physiological regulation mechanisms. This study investigated Cd accumulation, subcellular distribution, and chemical forms as well as physiological changes among four apple rootstocks exposed...

Nano-fertilizers can increase value of products in agriculture. Iron plays many important and essential roles in plant growth and development as compared to other micronutrients. In the present study, effects of different levels of enriched nano chelated Iron fertilizer (25, 50, 100, and 200 mg l-1)  were investigated in comparison with the common Iron (FeSO4.7H2O) on in vitro proliferation of ...