Threonine oxidation to glycine was investigated in vivo in twelve growing pigs (27.4 kg live weight) fed on one of the following three diets with graded levels of threonine supply: a low-threonine diet (LT), a control well-balanced diet (C) or a high-threonine diet (HT), during 10 h constant infusion of L-[1-13C]threonine and [2-3H]glycine in the cranial vena cava and [1-14C]glycine in the port...

Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 secretes a siderophore, pyoverdine(PAO), which contains a short peptide attached to a dihydroxyquinoline moiety. Synthesis of this peptide is thought to be catalyzed by nonribosomal peptide synthetases, one of which is encoded by the pvdD gene. The first module of pvdD was overexpressed in Escherichia coli, and the protein product was purified. L-Threonine, one of th...

A fully-automated two-dimensional (2D) HPLC system for the determination of serine (Ser), threonine (Thr) and allo-threonine (aThr) enantiomers was developed. The validated applied to target hydroxy amino acid in vinegar samples including Japanese traditional amber rice vinegar. is one typical natural fermented products containing high levels D-amino acids, clarification amounts expected. For o...

A novel, rapid and highly sensitive fluorescence turn-on assay for the detection of biothiols (glutathione, and L-cysteine), histidine and threonine was developed. Water-soluble CuInS2 ternary quantum dots (QDs) capped by mercaptopropionic acid (MPA) were directly synthesized in aqueous solution, and then functionalized using tyrosine molecules to form tyrosine-functionalized CuInS2 QDs (T-CuIn...

There is a real quest to develop reduced-crude protein diets facilitate sustainable chicken-meat production. However, pronounced elevations in threonine plasma concentrations systemic have consistently been observed pursuant crude reductions for broiler chickens. The aim of the present Perspective was consider genesis and consequences these elevated concentrations. A series five feeding studies...

This study was carried out to evaluate the dietary threonine requirement by measuring the plasma free threonine and ammonia concentrations in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss after dorsal aorta cannulation. A total of 70 fish (average initial weight 506±8.2 g) were randomly distributed into each of the 14 net cages (5 fish/cage). After 48 hours (h) of feed deprivation, each group was intubate...

With the discovery of threonine through its essentiality in the growth of the rat, it became possible to raise animals on synthetic diets completely devoid of protein (l-3). However, the metabolic fate of this amino acid is still largely unknown today. Its importance in the growth of microorganisms (4) and in the maintenance of nitrogen equilibrium in older animals (5-7) has been demonstrated. ...

2-Amino-3-ketobutyrate ligase catalyzes the reversible, pyridoxal 5'-phosphate-dependent condensation of glycine with acetyl CoA forming the unstable intermediate, 2-amino-3-ketobutyrate. Several independent lines of evidence indicate that the pure protein obtained in the purification of this ligase from Escherichia coli also has L-threonine aldolase activity. The evidence includes: (a), a cons...