BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to determine the indications for implantation of the coflex device (Paradigm Spine, LLC, New York, New York), assess long-term complications, and evaluate the long-term clinical outcomes of patients. METHODS A total of 127 patients underwent placement of a coflex implant for various indications by one orthopaedic spine surgeon. The mean follow-up was 6...

Epidural spinal injections can be administered via a translaminar or transforaminal route, depending on the clinical scenario. When it is more desirable to target a specific nerve root, a transforaminal approach is typically used, and when the target is more diffuse, a translaminar method is chosen. Both are commonly used and can be utilized similarly in the lumbar or cervical spine. However, i...

PLEASE NOTE: Contracts exclude from coverage, among other things, services or procedures that are considered investigational or cosmetic. Providers may bill members for services or procedures that are considered investigational or cosmetic. Providers are encouraged to inform members before rendering such services that the members are likely to be financially responsible for the cost of these se...

Copyright© 2016 The Korean Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery Society This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Percutaneous Endoscopic ...

It has recently been recognized that the entorhinal cortex has a crucial role in spatial representation and navigation. How the position of an animal is computed within the entorhinal circuitry remains to be determined, but the architectural organization of this brain area might provide some clues. Here, we review three organizational principles--recurrent connectivity, interlaminar connectivit...

Anesthesiology, V 124 • No 1 239 January 2016 To the Editor: We read with interest the safe-use steroid consensus of opinions from 13 societies in the most recent issue of Anesthesiology.1 We applaud the multidisciplinary working group (MWg) on formulating safety guidelines for clinicians of the multiple specialties involved with neuraxial steroid injections....

Natural fiber composites are now more costly than traditional building materials. Currently, industries moving from materials to natural composites, and the price of should be reduced through greater utilization industrial production. This work aims determine how matrix alteration affects interlaminar characteristics a hemp fiber-reinforced epoxy composite containing nano silicon oxide particle...