Rice, (Oryza sativa L. 2n=24) belongs to the family Gramineae and subfamily Oryzoideae. Oryza has two cultivated species: glaberrima. Breeding for good-quality traits requires selection of parents with a wider genetic diversity. Molecular markers are used in molecular biology biotechnology identify sequence DNA. have played an increasing role rice breeding cultivar improvement, screening, selec...

background: genetic polymorphism of milk proteins has been associated with composition, manufacture, and traits of milk. caseins are the most important milk proteins whose genes are strongly linked and inherited as a raceme. κ-casein which is a quantitatively minor constituent of bovine milk is thought to play a critical role in organization, fixation and aggregation of casein micelles and firm...

ghrelin is a peptide hormone that is composed of 26 amino acids and leads to a positive energy balance and obesity through stimulation of releasing growth hormone, and increasing food intake and body weight.  the purpose of this study was to determine and evaluate the association between the ghrelin gene polymorphism and growth traits in ross and cobb broiler chickens. blood samples were collec...

conclusions the results of the antibiotic resistance and other data suggest that there is a possible common clone of e. faecalis, which could rapidly disseminate in patients and the environment. results the results indicated that, 86% of patient and 29% of environmental isolates carried ebp genes. the ability of the isolates to strongly attach was 62% and 71% for patient and environmental sampl...

background: recurrent spontaneous abortion is one of the diseases that can lead to physical, psychological, and, economical problems for both individuals and society. recently a few numbers of genetic polymorphisms in kinase insert domain-containing receptor (kdr) gene are examined that can endanger the life of the fetus in pregnant women. objective: the risk of kdr gene polymorphisms was inves...

aim : this study aimed to determinant association between rs76189946 polymorphism of egf gene and risk of colorectal cancer in an iranian population. background : colorectal cancer (crc) is the third most prevalent cancer in both genders worldwide. the determination of genetic variation becomes a new way to etiology of colorectal cancer. epidermal growth factor (egf) is a mitogen that plays an ...

In a population evolving by gradual change, the amount of genetic variation is important because the rate of evolution is absolutely limited by the degree of genetic variability. Various forces of evolution such as natural selection, random genetic drift and migration operate on genetic variability which provides the raw material for evolution. Thus the rate of evolution is absolutely limited b...

Allopolyploidization with the merger of the genomes from different species has been shown to be associated with genetic and epigenetic changes. But the maintenance of such alterations related to one parental species after the genome is extracted from the allopolyploid remains to be detected. In this study, the genome of Brassica napus L. (2n = 38, genomes AACC) was extracted from its intergener...