Prostaglandin (PG)I2 (prostacyclin [PGI]) and PGE2 are abundantly present in the synovial fluid of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. Although the role of PGE2 in RA has been well studied, how much PGI2 contributes to RA is little known. To examine this issue, we backcrossed mice lacking the PGI receptor (IP) to the DBA/1J strain and subjected them to collagen-induced arthritis (CIA). IP-defic...

Previously, we have reported that interleukin-1 b (IL-1) induces changes in dopaminergic (DA) and serotonergic systems in the core of nucleus accumbens (NAc). We have also demonstrated that n-3 fatty acid ethyl-eicosapentaenoate (EPA) can significantly reduce stress and anxiety-like behaviors, corticosterone concentration and peripheral inflammatory response induced by IL-1 administration. Comp...

Perlik, Vit, Zhongua Li, Sarita Goorha, Leslie R. Ballou, and Clark M. Blatteis. LPS-activated complement, not LPS per se, triggers the early release of PGE2 by Kupffer cells. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 289: R332–R339, 2005. First published March 31, 2005; doi:10.1152/ajpregu.00567.2004.—The intravenous injection of LPS rapidly evokes fever. We have hypothesized that its onset is me...

Modification of endogenous eicosanoid synthesis by dietary n-3 fatty acid supplementation reduces febrile responses, but the mechanisms underlying these effects in vivo have not been determined. In the present study, local inflammation was induced by intramuscular injection ofturpentine in rats fed control or n-3 supplemented diets for 8-9 weeks. In animals fed the control diet, turpentine indu...

This study sought to evaluate the in vitro biological response of human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) co-coltured with Streptococcus mitis to bisphenol A glycidylmethacrylate/triethylene glycol dimethacrylate (BisGMA/TEGDMA) thermosets coated with Chitlac-nAg, a nanocomposite system with antimicrobial properties. To avoid bacterial adhesion to dental devices and to reduce cytotoxicity against euk...

Inducible prostaglandin synthase (cyclooxygenase-2, COX-2) is expressed in rheumatoid and osteoarthritic cartilage and produces high amounts of proinflammatory prostanoids in the joint. In the present study we investigated the effects of the inhibitors of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways Erk1/2, p38, and JNK on COX-2 expression and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production in human cho...

We have previously reported that interleukin (IL)-1β causes β-adrenergic hyporesponsiveness in cultured human airway smooth muscle cells by increasing cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression and prostanoid formation. The purpose of this study was to determine whether extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERKs) are involved in these events. Levels of phosphorylated ERK (p42 and p44) increased 8.3-...

This study evaluated the protective effect of different dietary ω-6/ω-3 ratios in oils obtained from various nuts (walnut, peanut, cashew, and hazelnut) against morphological features markers inflammation on an adjuvant-induced arthritis rat model. Rheumatoid (RA) was induced via intradermal injection heat-killed Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Five groups rats with RA (n = 5) were randomly categor...

Essential fatty acids are not only energy-rich molecules; they are also an important component of the membrane bilayer and recently have been implicated in induction of fatty acid synthase and other genes. Using gene chip analysis, we have found that arachidonic acid, an W-6 fatty acid, induced 11 genes that are regulated by nuclear factor-KB (NF-KB). We verified gene induction by W-6 fatty aci...

It has been reported that interleukin (IL)-1 beta induces the synthesis of both nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin (PG)E2 in cultures of dispersed ovarian cells and exerts cytotoxic effects on these cells. Since PGE2, NO and IL-1 beta have been implicated as modulators of steroidogenesis, experiments have been undertaken to determine how IL-1 beta-induced NO and PGE2 production may affect ster...