Abstract Steam explosion (STEX) of woody biomass is an efficient pretreatment method in the production water-resistant wood pellets. The STEX process also generates aqueous condensate stream containing dissolved organic compounds, with furfural as most abundant and valuable component. An industrial-scale recovery for other by-products therefore being developed built. One challenge has turned ou...

FT-IR, UV-visible, and X-ray diffraction analyses were used to investigate the nature of organic matter in three fractions of soil humic substances (humin, HU; humic acid, HA; and fulvic acid, FA) extracted at a depth of 0–10 cm from the soil under rye grass (Lolium perenne) culture. FT-IR and XRD analyses showed that the extracted HAs still contained the clay matrix, but the extracted FAs, whi...

Most of the schemes exist,ing for the analysis of proteins necessitate the use of large amounts of material. The need is great for a scheme which can be used with smaller amounts. It was felt that a combination of certain of the more generally accepted methods for amino acid determination could be arranged and an economy of original material be thus effected. The following scheme was eventually...

Food production in sandy soils has evolved significantly, most notably through the advent of integrated crop–livestock systems (ICLSs). ICLSs increase soil cover, which maintains moisture and sequesters carbon (C). Here we investigate influence on physical, chemical, biochemical properties, grain yield (GY) tropical short-time. We compared seven two consecutive crops seasons (with soybean or ma...

A quantitative laboratory assessment of the different C and N forms in soil humus fractions was carried out by incubation of a mineral substrate after the addition of (15)N-labeled compost. The experimental design included (i) preparation of the (15)N-labeled organic matter (city refuse compost, 640 g kg(-1) wheat straw and K(15)NO(3) composted for 80 days), (ii) a further 80 day incubation of ...

Organo-clay complexes in soil play an important role in the immobilization and persistence of xenobiotics. In this study, the fate of 14 C-labeled 4-(3,5-dimethylhept-3-yl)phenol (NP) and 4-chloro-2mehtylphenoxyacetic acid (MCPA) in soil was examined using incubation periods from 1d to 180d (NP) and 1d to 120d (MCPA). Special emphasis was on the distributions of the compounds and its degradatio...

Tufa is a fresh-water surface calcium carbonate deposit precipitated at or near ambient temperature, and commonly contains the remains of macro- microphytes. Many Holocene tufas are found along Zrmanja River, Dalmatian karst, Croatia. In this work we present radiocarbon dating results older tufa that was for first time River Village Sanaderi. outcrops were observed different levels, between riv...