Despite the effectiveness of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in treating individuals infected with HIV, HAART is not a cure. A latent reservoir, composed mainly of resting CD4+T cells, drives viral rebound once therapy is stopped. Understanding the formation and maintenance of latently infected cells could provide clues to eradicating this reservoir. However, there have been discre...

Exposure to highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) may lead to adverse effects related to mitochondrial toxicity such as lactic acidosis. We describe two cases of severe lactic acidosis in HIV-positive patients to illustrate the clinical symptoms and abnormal laboratory results associated with this condition. There is a lack of awareness about the risk factors for developing severe lactic...

BACKGROUND Health related quality of life (HRQOL) is an important outcome measure for highly active antiretroviral treatment program. In Ethiopia, studies revealed that there are improved qualities of life among adults living with the viruses taking antiretroviral therapy but there is no explicit data showing gender differences in health related quality of life. Aim. To assess gender difference...

349, p. 198. Foundation for Retrovirology and Human Health, Alexandria, VA, USA. 3 Doyle T, Smith C, Vitiello P et al. Plasma HIV-1 detection below 50 copies/mL and risk of virologic rebound in patients receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy. Clin Infect Dis 2012; 54:

BACKGROUND Human immunodeficiency virus-associated eosinophilic folliculitis (HIV-EF) among homosexual men is a commonly reported dermatologic finding, while only 4 cases in HIV-positive women have been documented in the literature to date. This article describes 2 additional cases of HIV-EF in immunocompromised women and reviews the data on this condition. OBSERVATIONS The diagnoses were mad...

The introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has been an important breakthrough in the treatment of HIV-1 infection and has also a powerful tool to upset the equilibrium of viral production and HIV-1 pathogenesis. Despite the advent of potent combinations of this therapy, the long-lived HIV-1 reservoirs like cells from monocyte-macrophage lineage and resting memory CD4+ T ce...

In the US, an estimated 1 million people are infected with HIV, although one-third of this population are unaware of their diagnosis. While HIV infection is commonly thought to affect younger adults, there are an increasing number of patients over 50 years of age living with the condition. UNAIDS and WHO estimate that of the 40 million people living with HIV/AIDS in the world, approximately 2.8...

Background The iatrogenic risk of HIV vertical transmission, calculated in initial epidemiologic studies of this infection seemed to contra-indicate the performance of invasive prenatal diagnosis (PND) techniques. The implementation of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) represented a turning point in PND management, owing to a rapid and effective reduction of the maternal viral load.

BACKGROUND We reviewed the impact of HIV, HIV exposure, and antiretroviral therapy/prophylaxis on neurodevelopmental outcomes of HIV-infected and HIV-exposed-uninfected infants and children. METHODS A literature search of Medline, Embase, PsychINFO, Web of Science, PubMed, and conference Web sites (1990-March 2011) using the search terms, infant, child, HIV, neurodevelopment, cognition, langu...

OBJECTIVES We investigated the prevalence and characteristics of HIV-positive women who do not report highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) use. METHODS We analyzed HAART use among 1165 HIV-positive participants in the Women's Interagency HIV Study. RESULTS Between October 1, 2000, and March 31, 2001, 254 women with clinical indications for HAART reported not using it, 635 reported H...