hepatitis a virus (hav) infection is a self-limiting disease caused by a 27-nm rna virus from the picorna virus family. its' transmission is primarily via the fecal-oral route. the disease is usually mild and anicteric in children, however the rate of the icteric form, severity, and mortality increase in adult life. the estimated case-fatality rate in age over 40 years is approximately 2%, whil...

literature review shows that hepatitis c infection may increase the risk of non-hodgkin lymphoma. reactivation of hepatitis b infection has been reported in patients with hairy cell leukemia after chemotherapy and/or splenectomy. we present hepatitis b surface (hbs) antigenemia and concurrent hepatitis c virus (hcv) seropositivity in a case of hairy cell leukemia. key words: hairy cell leukemia...

Celiac disease has been associated with other autoimmune disorders such as autoimmune hepatitis, moreover it is known that T cell mediated immune response to dietary gluten and released cytokines are important for the entheropathy seen in celiac disease. We investigated celiac autoantibodies in patients with autoimmune hepatitis (AIH), and chronic hepatitis B (CHB).Sera from 84 patients with Au...

AIM To assess frequency and determine the factors associated with Chlamydia trachomatis, herpes simplex virus type 2, and hepatitis B seropositivity among Pakistani pregnant women and their husbands in Norway. METHODS All together 112 couples of Pakistani origin living in Norway participated in our study. Blood samples were tested for immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies against C. trachomatis, ...

introduction: intravenous drug users as a serious health problem in communities have economical and social effects as well as health and hygienic complications. viral infections may be transmitted through drug injection by shared syringes among users. the aim of this study has been to determine the relative frequency of hbv, hcv and hiv infection’s markers as epidemiological data in ahvaz. mate...

hepatitis c virus (hcv) infection is highly prevalent in thalassemic patients, and this may decrease the serum antibody response to hepatitis b virus (hbv) vaccine. there is also some alteration of the immune system in multi-transfused thalassemic patients, as a consequence of iron overload. we investigated whether hcy infection may reduce the effectiveness of hby vaccine in multi - transfused ...

 ABSTRACT Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in patients who lack detectable hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) is called occult hepatitis B infection. Such infections have been frequently identified in patients with chronic hepatitis Cliver disease, but their prevalence is not known. Methods: 207 patients with chronic hepatitis C who were HCV -RNA and antiHCV positive were stu...