Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is defined as fetal growth less than the normal growth potential of a specific infant because of genetic or environmental factors. The terms IUGR and Small for Gestational Age (SGA) are often used alternatively to describe the same problem, although there exists subtle differences between the two. The burden of IUGR is concentrated mainly in Asia which acc...

A policy of expectant management until 32 weeks of gestation in 29 dichorionic pregnancies discordant for growth retardation resulted in an overall mortality of 24% (95% CI 13.9-37.2%) and a handicap of 2.2% (95% CI 0-12.0%). None of the normally grown co-twins died or was handicapped as a result of iatrogenic prematurity.

Some, albeit not all studies on the relationship between intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) and female pubertal development have found an earlier and rapidly progressing puberty as well as concomitant disorders of related functional systems such as polycystic ovary syndrome and short stature. These pubertal changes are part of a growing list of IUGR-related diseases, which includes non-insu...

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Rationale Birthweight is one of the most sensitive – and also one of the most important – measures of the well-being of children. Weight at birth is directly influenced by the general level of health status of the mother. In developing countries, especially, maternal nutrition is one of the most important determinants of birthweight. Three aspects are of particular importance: inadequate matern...