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This study intends to focus on the physicians, and to examine the input-output relationships between the medical resources used by these physicians and the quantity of medical services provided by them, in order to analyze the productivity and efficiency of physicians. In addition, by applying the Malmquist productivity index, this study empirically evaluates how the quantities of each physicia...

Citizens and governmental agencies interact through various channels. For example, a governmental agency may send me a letter telling me to pay my taxes and I may phone the tax agency to ask them why. A governmental agency has full control over the information it sends out, in terms of the channels they deploy to do so. However, in most situations, citizens are free to choose heir channels if t...

The adoption of high impact governmental e-services is not obvious. Especially small and medium sized companies hesitate to invest and adopt. Non-adoption endangers the realization of the 25% reduction objective within the EU’s Lisbon Agenda of the administrative burden of businesses by 2012. On the other hand governmental organisations gain from the use of these eservices. In several cases thi...

Evaluative bibliometrics compares the citation impact of researchers, research groups and institutions with each other across time scales and disciplines. Both factors - discipline and period - have an influence on the citation count which is independent of the quality of the publication. Normalizing the citation impact of papers for these two factors started in the mid-1980s. Since then, a ran...

Once upon a time, case reports were the primary content of scholarly medical journals. Case reports are still common but have come to be viewed more often than not as anecdotes rather than evidence. And even though David Sackett referred to the important link between clinical expertise and external evidence,(1) the "gold standard" today is the randomized controlled clinical trial. Why is this?

The impact factor has been widely adopted as a proxy for journal quality. It is used by libraries to guide purchase and renewal decisions, by researchers deciding where to publish and what to read, by tenure and promotion committees laboring under the assumption that publication in a higher impact factor journal represents better work, and by editors and publishers as a means to evaluate and pr...

The old Asian legend about the blind men and the elephant comes to mind when looking at how different authors of scientific papers describe a piece of related prior work. It turns out that different citations to the same paper often focus on different aspects of that paper and that neither provides a full description of its full set of contributions. In this paper we will describe our investiga...